bio chapter 3 (proteins and nucleic acids)

foods high in proteins

meats, beans, lentils

functions of proteins

does a lot of work for body

organic molecules with carboxyl and amino groups

amino acids

differs in size, results in differences between each amino acid

r side group

covalent bond made through a dehydradion reaction

peptide bonds

2 amino acids linked by peptide bonds

peptide

unbranched polymers built from amino acids

polypeptide

biologically functional molecule that consists of one or more polypeptides

protein

string of amino acids - polypetide/protein

polypeptide

folded string that functions - polypeptide/protein

protein

____ shape is determined by linear sequence of amino acids

protein

what are the four levels of protein structure

primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary

primary structure

of a protein it’s unique sequence of amino acids

what is primary structure determined by

inherited genetic info

found in most proteins, consits of local coils and folds in polypeptide chain

secondary structure

typical secondary structure is a coil called

alpha helix

folded structure of secondary structure is called a

beta pleated sheet

unique 3d shape, determind by interactions among various side chains

tertiary structure

many proteins stop in this structure

tertiary structure

results when a protien consists of multiple polypeptide chains

quaternary structure

final shape determines

function

functions of proteins

defense, communication, enzyme, transport, storage, structure, cell movement

inherited blood disorder

sickle cell disease

loss of proteins native structure

denaturation

monomer of protein

amino avid

polymer of proteins

polypeptide protein

linkage of protein

peptide

anything that was once alive will have ___ + ___ in it

dna, rna

located in the nucleus of eukaryotes and nucleoid of prokaryotes, also in mitochondria and chloroplast

DNA

molecule of inheritance, molecule of info

DNA

in eukaryotes, is produced in nucleus and transported to cytoplasm - location of protein synthesis

RNA

transfers info between DNA and cytoplasm where proteins are made

mRNA

functional RNA

do not make proteins

component of ribosomes

rRNA

transfer rna

tRNA

inhibit translation

micro RNA

nucleic acids are polymers called

polynucleotides

polynucleuoties are made of

nucleotides

A,T,C,G

in DNA

A,U,G,C

in RNA

backbone is held by

covalent phosphodiester bond

rna is single/double

stranded

monomer of nucleic acid

nucleotide

polymer of nucleic acid

polynucleotide

linkage of nucleic acids

phosphodiester bonds