General Knowledge, Geography, Literature, and Civics Lecture Notes

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering geography, literature (World and Philippine), history, civics, and economic principles as presented in the lecture notes.

Latitude

Horizontally oriented imaginary lines, often described as "Flat" in the notes.

Prime Meridian

The vertical center line of the earth, described as "gitna na patayong guhit".

Spheroid

The specific shape of the Earth.

Meteorology

The study of weather.

Winter Solstice

Occurs when the night is longest; in the Northern Hemisphere this is in December, and in the Southern Hemisphere, it is June $20$.

Summer Solstice

Occurs when the day is longest; in the Northern Hemisphere it is June $20$, and in the Southern Hemisphere, it is December $21$.

Aphelion

The point in orbit that occurs in July.

Perihelion

The point in orbit that occurs in January.

Hamlet

The longest work of Shakespeare.

Mahabharata

The longest work of literature in the world.

Kalidasa

Known as the Indian Shakespeare.

Rabindranath Tagore

The greatest Indian writer.

Rizal

Known as the Cradle of Philippine Art.

Palawan

The Philippines' last frontier.

Romblon

The Marble Capital of the Philippines.

Albay

The land of the world's most perfect cone.

Capiz

The Seafood Capital of the Philippines.

Negros Occidental

The Sugar Bowl of the Philippines.

Cebu

The Queen City of the South.

Bacolod

The City of Smiles.

Nile River

The longest river in the world located in Egypt, associated with Hieroglyphics.

Indus Script

The writing system of the Indus river civilization in India.

Brahma

Recognized as the creator of the universe in Hinduism.

Vishnu

Recognized as the preserver in Hinduism.

Nirvana

The state of ultimate happiness in Buddhism.

Jihad

Regarded as the "water of Islam".

Kampochea

The former name of Cambodia.

Formosa

The former name of Taiwan.

Arctic Ocean

The smallest ocean in the world.

Pacific Ocean

The largest ocean in the world.

Greenland

The largest island in the world.

HUKBALAHAP

Hukbong Bayan Laban sa Hapon.

MAKAPILI

Filipino citizens who were pro-Japanese.

Kempeitai

The Japanese Police.

Huseng Batute

The pen name of Jose Corazon De Jesus, known as the Ama ng Balagtasan.

Lola Basyang

The pen name of Severino Reyes.

Quijano de Manila

The pen name of Nick Joaquin.

Child of Sorrow

Written by Zoilo Galang.

Tomas Pinpin

The first Filipino publisher.

Writ of Amparo

The right to life, liberty, and security.

Writ of Habeas Corpus

Used to "Show the body".

Habeas Data

The right to information.

Writ of Kalikasan

The right to a clean and healthy environment.

Eminent Domain

The State's power of expropriation.

Sin Tax

Tax imposed on cigarettes and liquors.

Ad Valorem Tax

Tax imposed on luxurious goods.

Necrocracy

A government that follows the mandates of a dead person.

Meritocracy

A government where people of talent are in power.

Jus Sanguinis

Citizenship by blood (born to a Filipino by blood).

Jus Solis

Citizenship by place (born in the Philippines).

Factors of Production (CELL)

Capital, Entrepreneur, Land, and Labor.

Law of Demand

States that as price increases, demand decreases (inverse relationship).

Law of Supply

States that as price increases, the supply increases (willingness to produce).

Ceteris Paribus

A Latin phrase meaning all variables are kept constant.

Mercantilism

An economic policy prevalent in the $16^{th}$ Century.