biological molecules!!!

Carbohydrate- Monomer name and structure

Monosaccharide (Simple sugar), ring of carbon

Lipids- monomer name and structure

fatty acids and glycerol

proteins- monomer name and structure

amino acids

Nucleic Acids- monomer name and structure

nucleotides

Carbohydrates- monomer examples

glucose, fructose, galactose

Carbohydrates- Elements

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

Lipids- Elements

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

Proteins- Elements

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur (sometimes)

nucleic acids- Elements

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus

All biological molecules have at the very least these three elements

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

Monomer- Definition

A small chemical unit that makes up a polymer

How many valence electrons does carbon have?

4 valence electrons

why are carbon's valence electrons important?

1. they can form multiple covalent bonds with other atoms, making the bond very strong.
2. It can bond with other carbon atoms forming chains of unlimited length.

Polymers- Definition

molecules composed of many monomers

components of nucleotides

Phosphate, Nitrogenous base, 5 carbon sugar

Carbohydrate Polymer examples

Lactose, glycogen, starch, cellulose

Lipids Polymer examples

Oils, Wax, triglycerides

Proteins Polymer examples

Enzymes, hormones, hair, antibodies

Nucleic Acids Polymer examples

DNA, RNA, ATP

Carbohydrates function

short term energy, structural support

Lipids function

Long-term energy, insulation, cushioning organs, protective barrier

Proteins Function

facilitate reactions, regulate cell functions, transport materials, fight disease

nucleic acids Function

store and transmit genetic material, blueprint to make proteins, capture and transfer chemical energy.