Practical Animal Handling Medications

Medications

NuFlor (Antibiotic):

Active ingredient- Florenicol

Given: IM

BRD associated with Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Histophilus somni, and for the treatment of footrot, pneumonia

Swine respiratory disease (SRD))

Excede (Antibiotic):

Active ingredient- Ceftiofur Crystalline Free Acid

In swine- treat and control swine respiratory disease

Treatment of BRD, shipping fever, pneumonia and foot rot, In horses- lower respiratory tract infectionst

IM in pigs, SQ in cattle and horsess

Tylan 200 (Antibiotic):

Active ingredient- Tylosin

In Cattle – liver abscesses, pneumonia, foot rot, diphtheria
and metritis

In Swine - arthritis, pneumonia, erysipelas and dysentery, mainly piglets with erysipelas

IM Injection

LA -200, Noromycin 300 LA (antibiotic):

Active ingredient- Oxytetracycline

Broad spectrum antibiotic can be used for manybacterial derived infections
• Pinkeye, tetanus, pneumonia, anaplasmosis, blackleg, hepatic
necrosis, gangrene, leptospirosis, mastitis.

• IM or SQ injection, can cause tissue damage at injection site, used as a prophylaxis

Pen-Aqueous, PenOne Pro,
Bactracillin G (antibiotic):

Active ingredient- penicillin G procaine

Antibiotic used for treatment of bacterial
pneumonia (shipping fever) caused by
Pasteurella multocida in cattle and sheep and erysipelas in swine

IM or SQ injections

SpectoGard Scour-Chek (antibiotic):

Active ingredient- spectinomycin
dihydrochloride pentahydrate

Oral solution, Can be given using syringe

Antibiotic used in piglets under four
weeks of age for treatment and control
of scours

GentaVed 100 (antibiotic):

Active ingredient- gentamicin sulfate

Antibiotic used to prevent bacterial
infections causing metritis

Used as a diluted solution (using saline)
and infused into the vagina  uterus

ToDAY (antibiotic):

Active ingredient- cephapirin sodium

Antibiotic and antimicrobial paste used to prevent mastitis in sheep, goats, and cattle

Mastitis (antibiotic):

Inflammation caused by a bacterial
infection in the mammary tissue

Albon (antibiotic):

Active ingredient- sulfadimethoxine

Antimicrobial used to treat shipping fever complex and bacterial pneumonia associated with Pasteurella spp. and calf diphtheria

bolus (large pill)

Dexamethasone (Hormones):

Active ingredient- dexamethasone

Steroid hormone(corticosteroid) used as anti-inflammatory drug
• Can be used to treat arthritis (joint problems), shipping fever, and pneumonia
• Can be used to induce parturition in sheep, goats, cattle, & swine

IV or IM injection

Oxytocin (Hormones):

Active ingredient – oxytocin

Hormone used to cause muscle contractions

Cause milk let down by causing contraction at the mammary tissue (myoepithelial cells)

Oxytocin is naturally released from the posterior pituitary
gland when a mother sees, hears, smells, or touches her
offspring
• IV, IM, or SQ injection

Fertagyl (Hormones):

Active ingredient- gonadorelin

Synthetic hormone

Treatment of cystic ovaries

Advertised to be used with estrumate to
synchronize females (cattle, sheep, goats)
• IV or IM injection

Cystorelin (Hormones):

Active ingredient- gonadorelin

Synthetic hormone

Treatment of ovarian follicular cysts
• Synchronize estrous cycles to allow for fixed time, artificial insemination (AI) in cattle, sheep, and goats

IM injection

Estrumate (Hormones):

Active ingredient- cloprostenol

Synthetic analogue of prostaglandinF2α (PGF2α)
• Similar to Lutalyse®
• Can be used to synchronize estrous, cause parturition, or cause abortions in sheep, goats, cattle, and swine
• PGF2α lysis (destroys) the corpus luteum (CL) which is needed to produce the hormone of pregnancy = progesterone (P4)

Lutalyse (Hormones):

Active ingredient- dinoprost tromethamine

Can be used to synchronize estrous, cause
parturition, or cause abortions in sheep, goats, cattle, and swine
• PGF2α lysis (destroys) the corpus luteum (CL) which is needed to produce the hormone of pregnancy = progesterone (P4)
• Can also be used to help with retained placentas
• IM injection

BO-SE (Hormones):

Active ingredient- Selenium and Vitamin E

Used in sheep, goats, swine, and cattle to prevent white muscle disease
• White muscle disease is also known as selenium-tocopherol deficiency
• Signs of white muscle disease includes stiffness, lameness, not able to walk, diarrhea, unthriftiness, pulmonary distress and/or cardiac arrest

SQ and IM Injection

GleptoForte (Hormones):

Active ingredient- gleptoferron
• Highly absorbable iron

Used in swine to prevent anemia due to low storage levels of iron, rapid growth and low levels of iron in colostrum/milk
• Anemia causes ill thrift (wasting) in piglets
• Piglets look pale and accumulate fluid around the throat,
brisket and internal body spaces
• Scouring is common
• IM injection
VITAMIN OR MINERAL SUPPLEMENT

Super B complex (Hormones):

Active ingredients- Thiamine Hydrochloride (B1), Riboflavin (B2), Niacinamide, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride (B6), d-
Panthenol, and Cyanocobalamin (B12)
• Used in sheep, goats, cattle and swine to prevent vitamin B deficiencies
• Deficiencies can cause:
• Poor growth, poor appetite, and poor coat conditions
• Anemia – low RBC production can cause weakness and lethargy
• Neurological symptoms (low B1; thiamine) such as staggering,
circling, head pressing, or convulsions
• IV or SQ injection

Thiamine Hydrochloride (Hormones):

Active ingredient – thiamine hydrochloride (Vit. B1)
• Used in sheep, goats, and cattle
• Prevents thiamine deficiency which can cause polioencephomalacia (PEM).
• PEM signs include: muscle twitching, head pressing, seizures, paddling (legs thrashing back and forth on the ground) while the head is pressed back against spine
• Signs are usually displayed 1-6 days before death but death can also occur acutely within 24-48 hours
• IM or IV injection

Meloxicam (NSAID):

Active ingredient- meloxicam
• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) drug
• Used to help reduce pain and inflammation
• Can be given to kid goats during disbudding or to lambs and kid goats when band castrating
• Given orally as it is a small tablet

VETAMEG (NSAID):

Active ingredient- Flunixin meglumine
• Also sold as prevail and banamine
• Used as a pain reliever, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory. (NSAID), and anti-pyretic drug
• Pyrexia = fever
• Used to control pyrexia associated with bovine respiratory disease, acute bovine mastitis and inflammation in endotoxemia (endotoxins in the blood)
• IM or IV injection

Prevail (NSAID):

Active ingredient- Flunixin meglumine
• A different brand with same active ingredient is banamine or vetameg
• Used in cattle, sheep and goats as a NSAID, antipyretic, and pain reliever
• Can be used for many reasons
• BRD in cattle
• Acute bovine mastitis
• Animals not feeling well (hunched over, depressed)
• Animals with localized edema

Banamine Transdermal (NSAID):

Active ingredient- Flunixin
• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) drug
• Using pour-on application to reduce pyrexia in cattle caused
by BRD or acute mastitis and relieve pain due to foot rot
• Also helps reduce inflammation

BLU-KOTE (Antiseptic/Antimicrobial products):

Antiseptic, germicidal, and fungicidal
• Dries quickly
• Used on wounds, abrasions, and to treat ringworm
• Can be used to dry up pus-secreting sores, blisters, and lesions
• Spray directly to affected area

Scarlet oil (Antiseptic/Antimicrobial products):

Used as a topical antiseptic for use as an aid in the treatment of cuts, wounds, abrasions, or burns
• Does not dry
• Spray directly to the affected area

Betagen Topical Spray (Antiseptic/Antimicrobial products):

Active ingredients- gentamicin and betamethasone
• Betamethasone -Anti inflammatory (corticosteroid) that
reduces swelling, redness and itching
• Gentamicin- antibiotic
• Labeled to be used on dogs only
• Off-label can be used on minor cuts, abrasions, and to reduce itching

HOOF ’n HEEL (Antiseptic/Antimicrobial products):

Active ingredient- zinc sulfate and sodium lauryl sulfate

Used in sheep, goats, and cattle to treat foot rot (hoof rot)

Administer directly to affected area until saturated or soak
hoof

Administer twice daily

Kopertox (Antiseptic/Antimicrobial products):

Labeled to be used to treat thrush in horses and ponies
• Thrush- common bacterial infection that affects a horse's hoof
• Used as a fungicide, antiseptic and astringent
• Astringent- shrinks or constricts tissue
• Use in sheep, goats, pigs, and cattle to treat foot rot (sometimes called hoof rot)
• Can be used to treat cracked hooves, ringworm, & wounds
• Can apply directly to area
• For foot rot can soak hoof in solution for ~5 minutes for several days until hoof is healthy
ANTISEPTIC/ANTIMICROBIAL PRODUCT

BLOOD STOP POWDER (Antiseptic/Antimicrobial products):

Topical antiseptic that helps stop bleeding
• Put powder on area that is bleeding
• Cannot stop major bleeding

CORID (Antiseptic/Antimicrobial products):

Active ingredient: Amprolium
• Used to treat coccidiosis in sheep, goats, and cattle
• Coccidiosis is a parasitic disease caused by protozoa
• The protozoa (single cell organism) acts as a parasite living in the host
• Stressors such as weaning, transportation, or overcrowding can increase the susceptibility of animals to coccidiosis
• CORID may be used prophylactically during these periods to reduce the risk of infection

CORID Cont… (Antiseptic/Antimicrobial products):

Transmission: ingestion of oocysts from contaminated feed, water, or
bedding (birds carrying coccidia that poop in water or feed can transfer
oocysts)
Common signs include diarrhea (which may be bloody), dehydration,
weakness, loss of appetite, rough coat, and weight loss

Probios (Antiseptic/Antimicrobial products):

Supplement that contains live, naturally
occurring microorganisms that help maintain
normal appetite, ideal gut pH, and normal
digestion when given during or after times of
stress
• Think of this product as a probiotic
• This is to be given orally as it is a bolus (large pill)

Lidocaine (Antiseptic/Antimicrobial products):

Active ingredient- lidocaine
• Local anesthetic that prevents pain by blocking
signals at nerve endings
• Injected into area that needs to be numb
• Can be injected as SQ or IM can be aimed at nerves to prevent pain in localized area

ALUSPRAY (Antiseptic/Antimicrobial products):

Aerosol bandage –aluminum powder
Forms a protective (water resistant) barrier over minor
wounds, burns, abrasions, and cuts
Spray directly to affected area