Meats Exam 1

True or fale. There is no relationship between meat inspection and meat grading.

True.

What is meat grading?

A voluntary service where the meat plant pays a fee to determine the quality of meat. (This often increases the profit of the item as it appears more desirable)

What is meat inspection?

A mandatory service. The plants do not have to pay for it except for overtime and holidays.

What does it mean for meat to be case ready?

The product is produced somewhere else before being mailed to the store.

What are the main reasons for meat inspection?

Failure of Europeans to recognize our meat inspection laws of the late 1800's; President Theodore Roosevelt’s investigation of Chicago meat packers (1904-1906); and Upton Sinclair's book, “The Jungle,” published in 1906.

When did meat packing really start producing?

After the civil war! Cattle in Texas significantly less affected by the abolitionist of slavery

Why was some meat called “packers”? (after the civil war)

They would package the meat in barrels

What did President Theodore Roosevelt’s investigation involve?

Roosevelt’s testimony to Senate Investigating Committee regarding “The Embalmed Beef Scandal” in the Spanish-American War.

“Conditions in Chicago Stockyards” message from the President to the House of Representatives (summarizing the Reynolds and Neill Report) on June 4, 1906.

What was the main purpose of Sinclair’s “The Jungle”?

It was a take on socialism and was generally more geared towards people instead of meat production.

When did the Meat Inspection Act happen?

June 30, 1906

What does it mean if an inspector is labeled as a “lay inspector”?

They do not have veterinary credentials

What do meat inspectors look for in their meat?

Healthy (no disease), Sound (clean and sanitary), wholesome (not adulterated), and properly labeled (it is what it says)

What are the main functions of meat inspection?

• Detection and destruction of diseased and/or contaminated meat.

• Assurance of clean and sanitary handling and preparation.

• Minimization of microbiological contamination of meat.

• Prevention of adulteration (the addition of harmful substances or products considered improper in certain specified quantities) and the presence of chemical or drug residues.

• Prevention of false labeling.

• Application of the inspection stamp.

What is the jurisdiction for meat inspection?

Federal government (if meat is to be sold in interstate/out of state or

foreign commerce) or State government (if meat is to be sold only in intrastate/in state commerce).

What is the wholesome meat act?

Also called “Equal To” law. Required that states have inspection programs “equal to” that of the federal government. Administered by United States Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Washington, DC.

When was the wholesome meat act created?

1967

What was the Meat Inspection Act Renamed to?

Federal Meat Inspection Act (FMIA)

Why were some meat plants called locker plants?

Because instead of storing the meat in freezers (which were not available at the facility) the products were stored in lockers instead.

Who administers the Texas Meat and Poultry Inspection Act?

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Administered by Texas Department of State Health Services, Texas State Meat and Poultry Inspection Program, Meat Safety Assurance Unit, Austin.

When was the Texas Meat and Poultry Inspection Act created?

1969

What is the Talmadge-Aiken Agreement?

Insures that TA plants are federally inspected but staffed by state employees.

What is the Cooperative Interstate shipment (CIS) Program?

Authorized under the 2008 Farm Bill. Promotes the expansion of business opportunities for state-inspected meat and poultry establishments. Under CIS, state-inspected plants can operate as federally inspected facilities, under specific conditions, and ship their product in interstate commerce and internationally. Currently, nine states have CIS programs.

What is the Curtis Agreement?

Custom slaughterers-cutters-processors of: farm animals for farmers and game animals for hunters.

What is the farmers examption?

When meat is to be used by the farmer for his own use, for his family and for his nonpaying guests.

How must plants be constructed?

They must be constructed so that they are clean (and can be cleaned) and do not contribute to hazards in meat (biological, chemical, etc)

What has to be considered for operational sanitation in meat plants?

Specifications for water supply, drainage, waste disposal, lighting, ventilation, refrigeration, insect and rodent control; workforce: continuous inspection patrol, reinspection privilege, surveillance of workers.