AP Psych - Unit 5.4 Vocab

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Disorders that influence how the brain functions, causing difficulties in social, cognitive, and emotional functioning.

Acute

Short-term

Chronic

Long-lasting

Delusions of Persecution

False beliefs that others are out to harm or conspire against you or your loved ones.

Delusions of Grandeur

False or unusual beliefs about one’s power, wealth, talents, etc.

Word Salad

Disorganized think/speech

Disorganized Motor Behavior

Unusual behaviors and movements

Positive symptoms

Symptoms present that are not normally experienced by most

Negative symptoms

Thoughts, feelings, or behaviors normally present which are absent/diminished

Catatonia

A disorder that affects behavior and motor functions; results in unresponsiveness or agitation

Stupor

A state of unresponsiveness and impaired consciousness; only responds to intense stimuli such as pain.

Catatonic Stupor

A decrease in responsiveness to the environment.

Flat Affect

Lack of emotion; characterized by a consistent blank expression

Schizophrenia

A psychotic disorder that affects how people think, feel, and behave; results in hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking and behavior.

Major Depressive Disorder

A disorder that causes a low or depressed mood and a loss of interest in activities.

Persistent Depressive Disorder

A long-term form of depression

Mania

A period of abnormally elevated, extreme changes in mood or emotions, energy level, or activity level.

Specific Phobia

Fear of a specific object or situation

Agoraphobia

Fear of specific social situations

Panic Disorder

Experiencing panic attacks

Social Anxiety Disorder

Fear of being judged or watched by others

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Prolonged nonspecific anxiety

Taijin Kyofusho

A culture-bound anxiety disorder that involves fear of offending or embarrassing others.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

A disorder in which a person experiences uncontrollable and recurring obsession and engages in repetitive behaviors.

Obsessions

Persistent thoughts, ideas, images, or impulses

Compulsions

Repetitive behaviors or mental acts

Dissociations

A disconnection between a person’s sensory experience, thoughts, sense of self, etc.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

A disorder triggered by experiencing or witnessing a terrifying event

Hypervigilance

A state of heightened alertness accompanied by behavior that aims to prevent danger.

Insomnia

A sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or both

Emotional Detachment

An inability or unwillingness to connect with other people on an emotional level

Cluster A Personality Disorders

Odd behaviors

Cluster B Personality Disorders

Dramatic, emotional, or erratic behaviors

Cluster C Personality Disorders

Anxious or fearful behaviors

Paranoid Personality Disorder

Characterized pervasive distrust and suspicion of others, interpreting their motives as malevolent.

Schizoid Personality Disorder

Characterized by a lack of interest in social relationships, a tendency toward a solitary lifestyle, emotional coldness, and detachment.

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Characterized by unusual beliefs, fears, and difficulty with forming and maintaining relationships.

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Involves a disregard for the rights of others, with a tendency towards deceit, manipulation, and a lack of remorse.

Histrionic Personality Disorder

Characterized by excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behaviors, including an overwhelming desire to be noticed and dramatic behavior.

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Characterized by an unreasonably high sense of their importance, seeking attention and wanting people to admire you.

Borderline Personality Disorder

Characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and emotions.

Avoidant Personality Disorder

Characterized by poor self-esteem, an intense fear of rejection, and extreme shyness.

Dependent Personality Disorder

Characterized by a pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of, leading to clinging behavior and fears of separation.