Unit 6- Industrialization Ex.

primary sector

farming, mining, fishing, and logging

secondary sector

manufacturing and building

tertiary sector

retail sales, medicine, and auto repair

quaternary sector

education, financial analysis, and software development

quinary sector

top managers in business and government

steam engine

which invention enabled the industrial revolution?

northern england and south scotland

where did the industrial revolution begin?

energy availability, resources, transportation

industrial revolution factors

great britain

which country is rich in coal and iron ore deposits

france and great britain

which countries looked for new colonies for industrialization?

raw materials, labor, markets, ports, and capital

what do countries look for in colonies?

east asia, north america, europe

where in the world is the industry concentrated today?

second

industrialization has decreased the primary sector and increased the … sector

quaternary and quinary jobs

when areas deindustrialize, they want to replace lost factory jobs with…

bulk-reducing industry

agricultural, mining, lumber industries

government policies and stability

location has infrastructure, stable government, predictable enforcements of laws and regulations, government tax and subsidies

footloose

online businesses

stage 1 traditional society

none in the world today

stage 2 preconditions for take off

most sub-saharan africa, afghanistan

stage 3 take off

bangladesh, vietnam, china

stage 4 drive to maturity

brazil, argentina, china, india

stage 5 age of high mass consumption

US, japan, most western european countries

50

what percent of the world is commodity dependent?

africa and south america

which regions have the most commodity dependent countries?

diversified economies

can cause countries to be less affected by fluctuating prices

communication and transportation

what has allowed for industrial production to move from core to semi periphery countries?

complementarity

canada’s climate cannot grow coffee but can grow maple syrup, costa rica cannot do maple syrup but can do coffee so they trade

trade imbalance

US buys a lot from china because of lower labor but china cannot afford american goods

18th and early 19th

which centuries did most industrialized countries use trade barriers?

economic sanction

many western nations have put restrictions on trade from russia due to war in ukraine

economic pressure

in 2018 the US imposed tariffs on chinese-made products sold to US to allow chinese government to relax restrictions on the US

trading blocs

UMSCA, OPEC, EU, WTO, Mercosur

basic economic activity

Most manufactured goods and commercial farm products

special economic zones

EPZ’s in china

maquiladoras

EPZ’S in mexico

free-trade zones

EPZ’S in singapore

free-trade zones

Major seaport cities like Singapore, London, Amsterdam, and Hong Kong

agglomeration

Shopping districts, factories close to attracts partition, part suppliers, near available skilled workers

technopole

Silicon Valley in California near the Universities of California-Berkeley and Stanford

spin-off benefits

farmers that are 100 miles away from a growth pole should have expanded markets in which to sell their produce, resulting in increased sales and profits

backwash effects

In China, growth in prosperity for people in large urban areas in the eastern part of the country has pulled in people from rural areas in the west. Has caused the rural western areas to face a shortage of working-age people and those who care for elderly family members

wealthier

which type of people have a larger ecological footprint?

ecotorism

coral reefs in australia, volcanoes and glaciers in iceland, rainforest wildlife in costa rica