The Catholic Reformation and Council of Trent

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts discussed in the lecture on the Catholic Reformation, specifically focusing on the Council of Trent and its outcomes.

Council of Trent

A series of meetings held from 1545 to 1563 aimed at reforming the Catholic Church and reconciling with Protestants.

Holy Office

Established by the Pope in 1542, it was a committee of six cardinals with the power to arrest, imprison, and execute suspected heretics.

Heresy

Beliefs or opinions that deviate from established religious doctrine, particularly in the context of the Catholic Church.

Seminary

An educational institution established to train clergy and priests as mandated by the Council of Trent.

Sacraments

Rituals recognized as imparting divine grace, of which the Catholic Church affirmed seven.

Clerical life

The lifestyle and responsibilities of clergy members, including a focus on poverty and celibacy imposed by reforms.

Reconciliation

The process aimed at achieving harmony between differing religious groups, particularly between Protestants and Catholics.

Jesuits

A religious order founded by Ignatius of Loyola, focused on education and missionary work to strengthen Catholicism.

Ursuline Order

A religious order of nuns dedicated to educating young girls and re-Christianizing society.

Carmelites

A religious order that emerged during the Reformation, focusing on rigorous standards of asceticism and poverty.

Inquisition

An institution established to combat heresy, which had significant influence on Catholic policies during the Reformation.

Sinning

In this context, refers to corrupt practices within the Church, such as selling church offices and positions.