RBT Exam

ABC

antecedent, behavior, consequence// Three term contingency

ABC Data

observing and documenting what occurs before and after an behavior occurs to determine function

Acquisition

target that is in the teaching phase

Antecedent

stimulus occurs before the target behavior

Antecedent Intervention

any intervention that occurs before a behavior and decreases likelihood

Applied behavior analysis (ABA)

application of the cientific priniciples of beh. analysis to treat socially significant behavior

Array/Field

number of cards that should be put out during a card programAutis

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

a developmental disability often characterized by impairments in social interactions, communication, and adaptive functioning

Baseline

targets that are being tested to see what a learner does/does not know to get an original measure

Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP)

individualized plan written by BCBA, details how RBT should respond to occurences of mala. beh. for each learner.

What are some key components in BIPs?

Definitions of targeted behaviors, , hyptheosized functions, common antecedents/interventions, functional equivalents, how to collect/respond to behavior

Permanent Product

The behavior is not observed, but there is a product from the behavior (folding laundry, washing dishes)

Behavioral Skills Training

procedure consisting of instruction, modeling, behavioral rehearsal, and feedback that is used to teach new behavior skills

Behavior

activity of living organisms; obeservable, objective, measurable

Capturing

Recognizing situations throughout the day where the learner is highly motivated, and utilizing it as a teaching moment

Choice Board

Array of pictures that represent proffered activities that the learner can choose from for reinforcement (PECS)

Consequent Intervention

Interventions that occur after the behavior/reaction to a behaviors and designed to increase/decrease

What are the types of error correction?

1.) Prompts and Move On

2.) Short error correction (ECT)

3.) Long error correction (ECTER)

Expressive Language

Ability to communicate/express thoughts, ideas, wants, needs.

Functional Analysis (FA)

A scientific approach of determining the function of behavior by exposing the learner to different conditions

Functional Behavioral Analysis (FBA)

Assessment conducted by BCBA that determines function of behavior

What are the types of functional behavioral assessments?

Direct and Indirect assessments

Direct Assessment

Observing and recording the antecendent, behavior, and consequence as it occurs in natural environment

Indirect Assessment

Info on behaviors collected from informant (parent/caregiver). FAST and MAS and other parent-interview and questionnaires

Functional Communication

Teaching a learner how to communicate their wants/needs effectively and in a socially appropriate manner

Functional Relationship

How a person's behavior change their environment and how that affect effects their future and likelihood of same behaviors

What are the functions of behavior?

EATS

Generalization

Learner must be able to perform new skill in a variety of settings (environment, people, stimuli), consistently over tome

Graphs

Visual representations of data collected

X-axis

Typically represents time: days, months, sessions

Y Axis

Typically represents values of type of measurement: frequency, duration, percentage

Condition Change Line

Vertical lines added to graph representing when an intervention was added or removed

Condition Labels

Short descriptions of what is being tracked on graph

Data points

Representation of data collected

Baseline

Section of the graph representing the behavior before intervention, in natural comditioms

Health Information Portability and Accountabilty Act (HIPAA)

provides federal protection for the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of individual health info

Incidental teaching

Teaching technique used in naturally occurring environments that can create natural incidents of learning

Intermittent Reinforcement

when target behavior is reinforced on some occurrences

Listener Responding (LR)

Following direction given by others

Listener Responding by Feature, Function, Class (LRFFC)

Receptive discrimination based on Feature, function, and class of an object

Feature

Describe a physical aspect of the item

Function

Describe the purpose of the item

Class

Describe the category of the item

Magnitude

Force/intensity w which a response is emitted

Maintenance

Targets that have been previously mastered and presented less frequently/inconsistent schedule

Mand

A verbal operant, a demand

Spontaneous Mand

A mand that occurs w/o being asked or prompted

Prompted Mand

A mand that occurs after a prompt

Mandated Reporter

Person legally required to report any witness/suspected child abuse/neglect to the appropriate authorities

Measurement

Collecting data for targeted skills/behaviors

Motivating Operations

Enviro. Variables that temporarily alter the value of stimuli that effects inc/dec of beh

Establishing Operations (EO)

Increase the current value/effectiveness of a stimulus; associated with deprivation

Abolishing Operations (AO)

Decreases of value/effectiveness of a stimulus; associated with satiation

Motor Imitation

Copying someone else motor movements

Natrual Environment Teaching (NET)

Learner initiated, learning opportunities and consequences following natrual environment

National Provider Identifier Number (NPI#)

10 digit numerical identifiers for providers of health care services, used for confidentiality and billing

Operational Definition

Definition of behavior written by BCBA that are measurement, objective, and observable

Percent of Occurence

A percentage of overall correct trials

Permanent Product

A tangible product/environmental outcome of a behavior

Planned Ignoring

A consequence strategy where individual will ignore the behavior, NOT THE CHILD

Premack Principle

“First/then” statements that assist the learner with current demands/create clear expectations to inform learner they will be reinforced after the first task is completed (First bathroom, then gym)

Primary reinforcers (UR)

Not taught to be reinforcing, needed for survival (food, water, air, shelter)

Priming

Warnings that let the learner know what will be occuring

Stimulus Prompts

Adding/removing stimulus to elicit a correct response. Often includes changing aspect of SD (size, shape, position, color, texture)

Response Prompt

Prompts which occurs after SD, but before response (response hierarchy)

Prompts dependency

Occurs when too many prompts are used/prompts are not being faded quickly enough

Expressive language hierarchy

Full verbal, partial verbal, independent (vice versa)

Receptive Language hierarchy

Full physical, partial, model l, gestures, independent (vice versa)

Prompt Fading

Gradual process of eliminating the response prompt

Rate

The number of occurrence of a target behavior within a specified amount of time

Receptive Language

The ability to understand language, including understanding and responding to spoken/written

Redirection

A consequence strategy where RBT will redirect the learner to engage in the replacement behavior instead of engaging in maladaptive behavior

Replacement behavior

A desired behavior that replaces an unwanted target behavior

Response Differentiation

When the learner is able to differentiate between correct/incorrect response

Response Generalization

Multiple response occur in the presence of a single stimulus

Secondary Reinforcer

Stimuli that is learned to be reinforcing

Setting events

Events that occur throughout the learners day that impact how they respond to antecedents and how they react to antecendents (and overarching effect on daily activities: being sick, little sleep)

Skill Acquistion Program

A detailed plan written by the BCBA that describes what skill will be taught and how to teach the learner.

Social Reinforcement

feedback from another person given in the form of highfives, smiles, tickles, etc

Stimulus

events/changes in environment that influence behavior

Stimulus Fading

gradually adjusting the SD back to normal appearance

Textual

rote reading (site words)

Token Economy

a system whereby participants earn generalized conditioned reinforcers as a consequence for specific behaviors

Topography

the physical form/ shape of beh

Transfer Procedures

transferring control from the prompt to the SD

Transcription rote writing and spelling

rote writing and spelling

Verbal Behavior

a method of teaching language that focuses on the idea, that a meaning of a word is found in their functions

Visual Analysis

the process of visually inspecting graphed data to understand how treatment is affecting the target behavior or analyzong a graph

Trend

the direction of the data path (ascending, descending, no trend)

Variability

the range between data points: Variable or stable

Level

lvl of data points in relation to the x-axis; a graph can be split in to three sections, high, mid, and lower level

Visual Perceptual Match to Sample (VPMTS)

visual discrimination in a varying level of complexity (fancy label for matching: matching identicial things, into categories, etc)

Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior

Reinforcing anything but the targeted behavior; does not meet function

Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior

Reinforcing an appropriate behavior that meets the function of an undesireable behavior; can be done in tandem with undesirable behavior

Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible behavior

Reinforcing an appropriate behavior that cannot be performed simultaneously with an inappropriate behavior; does not meet the function of the behavior

After Mary plays with her toys, she leaves them in the middle of the living room floor. Her mother is frustrated with Mary's behavior. Mary's mother decided she would praise Mary when she put her toys back in the toy box, and verbally ignore Mary when she left her toys on the floor. What differential Reinforcement is being utilized?

DRI

An RBT is starting a new program to decreases name calling in their client. The hypothesized function for name calling is for attention. The RBT reinforces their client whenever they use the phrase, “Hey, want to play?"

What type of differential Reinforcement is being used?

DRA

Stevie wants to stop smoking cigarettes, his friends praise him whenever he doesn’t have a smoke. What differential Reinforcement being utilized?

DRO