SKIN HAIR NAILS MOUTH NOSE HEAD NECK LYMPH THROAT & SINUSES

Health Assessment

Hirsutism

exessive hair growth in women

spoon shape nails

iron deficiency anemia

clubbing

oxygen deficiency

Beau’s lines

vitamin deficiencies

Thick Nails

fungal infections

Thin nails

nutritional anemia and decreased peripheral circulation

Pallor

Pale: anemia; low iron or hemoglobin

Erythema

Red: inflammation, fever, infection, allergic reaction, or sunburn

Cyanosis

Blue: breathing problems or heart failure

Jaundice

Yellow: liver disease

Mobility and Turgor

pinching and letting go of collarbone- shows dehydration

Macule

flat and a different color

Patch

a macule larger than 1cm

Papule

solid, elevated lesion raised less than 0.5 cm

Plaque

papules coming together to form a plateau like dic shaped lesion

Nodule

elevated skin papule that extends into the dermis

Tumor

lesion larger than a few centimeters in diameter deep into the dermis

Pustule

pus filled

vesicle

small clear fluid filled

Bulla

vesicle bigger than 0.5 centimeters

Wheal

superficial raised short lasting red lesion with irregular shape

Cyst

encapsulated fluid filled cavity in the dermis or subcutaneous layer that tensely elevated the skin

Annular

Confluent

Linear

Dermatomal / Zosteriform

Shingles

Discrete

ABCDEs of Melanoma

Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter, Evolving (any change in size, shape, elevation or any new symptoms like itching, bleeding, crusting) Elevated

Basal Cell Carcinoma

a nodular ulcerative red/pink lesion with raised pearly margins. it is locally invasive and usually slow growing

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

arise from actinic keratosis as hardened red papules, plaques, or nodules. They are ulcerative and crusted and may metastasize

Melanoma

have irregular borders and colors and readily metastasize

The only two sinuses accessible to examination

frontal and maxillary

Normocephalic

Normal head shape

Anacephalic

large portion of brain/skull missing

Microcephalic

small head shape

Hydrocephalic

large fluid filled

Color of nose when you have an upper respiratory infection

bright red mucosa

color of nose when allergies

pale lavender mucosa

Halitosis

bad breath

Tonsils

mass of lymphoid tissue

Thyroid Assessment

extending the neck and swallowing

Normal Lymph Nodes

painless, small, and moveable

Lymph Nodes when Sick

Cancerous Lymph Nodes

big, no pain, and fixed in place