EAPP - Academic writing and texts (1st MT)

indentify

to give reference to something

-could be its name or title

describe

Give a detailed account of discintive features for someone to visualize it

define

give the meaning of the word

entymological meaning

meaning of a word in terms of its origins

extended meaning

meaning of a word beyond its basic meaning

denotational meaning

the literal meaning of a word

connotaitonal meaning

meaning of the word in terms of its emotional associations

contextual meaning

meaning of the word in terms of the context it's being used in

operational meaning

meaning of the word in terms of how it's measured or identified in practice

outline

-making/presenting a paradigm showing significant relationships of certain symbols, arrows, and lines to concepts

explain

to know/understand why or how something happened

give

similar to indentify

-you provide/list down what's being asked

academic disciplines

professional in nature

-subject areas in professions

-slang

-vernaculars

-jargons

3 things that are never in academic texts

slang

uneducated language that has total distortion of syntax and grammar

vernaculars

dialects or sub-languages

jargons

language variations used by a specific profession or vocation

-reading

-writing

-listening

-speaking

-viewing

macroskills of a 21st century learner

reading

-A process by which we construct meaning from print.

-recognizing words, leading to comprehension

-process of negotiating the menaing between the text and the reader

1. author

2. text

3. reader

Trifucation of understanding texts

-reading his/her biography

-looking into the history (when it was written)

-look into his/her morals & philosophies or those that were prevelant at that time

author

-it can be poetic (figurative)

-it can be prosonic (plain)

text

-hermeneutics (study of interpretation)

-how you make meaning of the text

reader

academic texts

-critical, objective, specialized texts written by experts or professionals in a given field using formal language

-content is associated to the field it's for

-for gaining knowledge on that particular field

-research based

-factual & verifiable

-persuasive or informative

-intended for ppl w/ special interests or occupations

charactertistics of academic texts

Non-Academic Texts

text about leisure & extracurricular activies

-has no reference to any source

-published informally and intended for public consumption

academic english

-a variety of english used to share research

-used to reach an academic audience

-divided into spoken and written academic research

academic writing

used to convey research in writing and generally has their own set of rules that differentiate each kind

-used to answer focused & specific research questions

-uses logical reasoning & critical thinking

-must be clear, comprehensible, and cohesive

-follows a process

characteristics of academic writing

-allows contributions in individuals' perspective fields

-good for employment and university life

-develops critical thinking

importance of academic writing

cohesion in academic writing

way of using grammar and vocabulary structures to make connections between ideas within a text for clarity

cohesive devices

elements that bind writing together; include transitional words and phrases as well as repetition of key words and "reference words" that "point back" to ideas in the text

pronouns

used to avoid repetition of nouns

lexical signposts

words or phrases that make specific kinds of connections (transitional devices, basically)

-make lists

-give examples

-generalize

-show results and/or consequences

-summarizes

-express alternatives

kinds of lexical signposts

anaphoric nouns

nouns that refer back to the previosly mentioned nouns or phrases

prewriting

The thinking and planning done before a person writes.

- includes free writing, brainstorming, clustering, questioning, browsing, collaborating, and blogging

drafting

To draw the outlines or plan of; sketching or planning thoughts on paper

revising

editing the details and organization in a draft

editing

reviewing and correcting spelling, grammar, capitalization, and punctuation

evaluating

reflecting and asserting what has been written

publishing

sharing final writing with others

narrative essay

an essay that narrates or tells a story

descriptive essay

An essay that describes a person, place, or object.

expository essay

gives information, discusses ideas, or explains a process

Persuasive Essay

Attempts to convince reader to take a course of action or adopt the writer's position on an issue.

skimming

reading quickly to get a general overview of a text. useful for pre-reading and improving reading speed

scanning

searching for something in a text quickly, which is useful for answering specific questions but ignores irrelevant info