Cyanotic Shunt Defects: ↓ Pulmonary bloodflow (R → L)

Decreased pulmonary bloodflow (Right to left), Cyanotic

Deoxygenated blood bypasses lungs and goes to body, causing Cyanosis

Tetrology of Falot

SEVERE cyanotic defect made of 4 abnormalities

1. Ventricular septal defect (VSD)

2. Pulmonary stenosis (RV outflow obstruction)

3. Overriding aorta (sits over VSD)

4. Right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH)

TOF Patho

- Pulmonary stenosis increases pressure in right ventricle

- Blood shunts R→ L through VSD

- Deoxygenated blood circulates body, causing severe cyanosis, seizures, and death

TOF symptoms

Cyanosis, Tetspells, murmur, clubbing, poor feeding

Signs of a Tet Spell

sudden cyanosis, dyspnea, irritability

Tet Spell treatment

Knee to chest position, ER if prolonged, tell Dr ASAP

How does squatting help a Tet spell?

increasing systemic resistance forces blood to the lungs

Med used for Tet Spell

Phenylephrine

Vasoconstriction increases pulmonary bloodflow

Prolonged Tet spell leads to

Seizures