Quiz 2 corrections chapter 4-5

Probation

Conditional release of a convicted offender into the community, under the supervision of a probation officer.(conditional because it can be revoked)

Reasons for probation

1. Premits offenders to remain in the community and facilitates reintergration

2. Avoids the instituialization and stigma of imprisonment

3. Less expensive, more humanitarian and as effective as incarceration

4. Fair treatment for offenders whose crimes do not merit incarceration

Goals of probation

1. Protect the community

2. carry out court imposed sanctions

3. identify the level of supervision and the services probationers needs

4. support crime victims

5. coordinate and promote the use of community resources

National Probation act of 1925

Made probation a national instituion

Recidivism

Repetition of criminal behavior, generally defined as rearrest

Primary putcome measure for probation

Combining control-focused stratgies with treatment strategies reduces recidivism rates of program participants compared with a treatment as usual group

Case investigation

Intervewing the defendant and preparing the presentence report (PSR)

Presentence report

Assists the court in reaching a fair sentenceing decision, includes the offenders current offense, past adult and juevenile criminal record, family history, backgroud, and personal data then outlines a treatment plan for the offender

Opposing PSR

Dissuade a person from giving information, court proceedings may be delayed id defendant challenges the info, may be harmful to the defendant, psr contains private and confidentional court document.

Advocating for PSR

Fundamental fairness and due process demand that convicted persons should have acess to the information in the PS so they can correct inaccurate information.

Supervision

Resource mediation, surveillance, and enforcment

Resources mediation

providing offender acess to a wide variaety of services

Survellance

Monitoring the activites of the probationers

Enforecment

Making probationers accountable for their behavior an making sure they understand the consequences.

Building relations between officers and probationers

1. Sincerity

2. high service energy

3. knowledge of the probationers culture

4. nonjugdmental attitude

5. helping probationers with need resources

Technology in supervision

• Helps officers track fine and probation payments

• be notified when they are behind on payments

• track if probationers have satisfied conditions of probation

• Kiosk reporting, alcohol detection, facial recognition tests

• map technology or geographic information systems

Revocation

Formal termination of an offenders conditional freedom

Revocation hearing

Due process hearing that determins

1. condition of probation have been violated before probation is revoked

2. and offender can be removed form the community

Technical violation

Failure to comply with the conditions of probation

Absconding

Fleeing without presmission of the jurisdiction they are required to stay

New offense violation

Offender commits new crime while on probation

Conditions for revocation hearings

1. Written notice of the charge

2. Disclosure of the evidence to the probationer

3. Opportunity to be heard in person and to present evidence as well as witness

4. Right confront and cross examine witness

5. right to judgment by a detatched and nuetral hearing body

6. Written statement of the resons for revoking probation

7. Right to counsel under special circumstances.

Intermediate sanctions

New punishment options developed to fill the gap between traditional probation and tradtional jail

Benefit of intermediate sanctions

Provides means for offenders ho are not dangerous to repay their victims and communities. Promotes rehabilitaion and reintegration of offenders into the community, and less expensive.

Intensive Supervision probation (ISP)

Control of offenders in the community under strict conditions by means of frequent repoting to a probation officer, allows offenders to live at home under restrictions, and protects the community and deters the offender from breaking the law or violating the conditions of release.

Drug court

Special court that treats, sanctions, and rewards drug offenders with punishment. Less severe incarceration

Types of drug courts

Veterans, DWI, family, federal reentry, juvenile, reentry, tribal leaing to wellness, back on TRAC clinical justice model

Fines

Finacial penalties used as criminals sanctions, is restricted to nimor misdemeanors and ordinace violations.

• Day fines: Finacial penalty scaled to defendats ability to pay the seriousness of the crime

Community service

Sentence to serve a specified number of hours working in unpaid positions.

Guidlines for developing community service programs

• Enhance public safety

• Intergrate the offender into the community

• contribute to principles of retorative justice

• gain public support for programs and promoting acceptance of offenders

• enhance the self esteem of offenders

• provide value to government, the communit, and non profit organizations

• Provide valuable transferable skills to offenders

• balance community service with other responisablites

• Restore public confidence in offenders

• maintain public conidence in the justice system

Day reporting centers

Nonresidential facility to which an offender reports every day or several days a week for supervision and treatment.

• must obey cerfew

• preform community service

• drug testing

Remote location monitoring

Technologies tht probation and parole officers use to monitor remorly the physical location of an offender, cost less than incarceration.

Goals of remote location Monitoring

• Incpacitiates the offender by restricting him or her to a single location

• Forces the offender to stay home when not at work/school/community service

• Contributes to rehablititaon by allowing the offender to remain with their family and continue employment, education, or vocational training

Residential reenty centers

Meduim security correctional setting that resident offenders are preitted to leave regulary, unaccompanied by staff. Must returnto a locked facility each evening