HCL 302

micro-ethics

an individuals view of what is right and wrong is

normative ethics

establishing standards or norms for conduct

active euthanasia occurs when

there is an intentional act that will result in death

passive euthanasia occurs when

a potentially life-saving tx is withdrawn or withheld

abortion issues involve all of the following except

rights of national groups

non-consequential

consequences of an action is not the only criteria for determining the morality of that action

patient self determination act

health care organizations have a responsibility to explain to pt, staff, & families that pts have legal rigths to direct their medical care as it corresponds to existing state law

organization conducting clinical trials on humab subjects must

educate staff as to potential side effects & implementation & monitoring of protocols

ethical considerations that must be addressed when conducting research include

personal autonomy, self determination, informed consent

advanced diractives

excute a living will, to appoint an agent to make decisions, & the kind of medical care they want

autonomous

one who has control over their actions

decleration of helsinki

the international code of ethics that governs human research & experimentation

distributive justice

justice that implies that resources are used fairly

supreme courts ruling in Roe V Wade regarding the 2nd trimester of pregnancy involves

a states right to regulate abortion procedures in ways reasonable to maternal health

situational ethics

ones moral character can sometimes change as circumstances change

a caregiver respecting a pt right to make their own decisions is following what ethical principal?

autonomy

conflict b/w pro choice and pro life advocates involve ethical principles such as

autonomy, beneficience, right to self determination

heterologous insemination

semen from a donor other than the spouses seminal fluid inserted into a woman to start pregnancy

federal regulations require hospitals to..

develop protocols of an organizations organ procurement responsibilities, process to inform families of potential donors, educate hospital staff

dentological ethics

focuses on ones duty to others

in the supreme court decision of roe v wade

a womans right to self determination waas recognized

unethical behavior is…

unacceptable

an ethics committee serves as a hospitals resource to all of the following except

organizations

the primary goal of an ethics committee is to

assist the pt & family in coming to a consensus that best meets the pts goal for care

partial reasoning

a bias for or against based on ones relationship with that person

federal regulations require hospital based researchers to obtain approval of an institutional review board which functions to..

review proposed research & conduct periodic monitoring of biomedical research

orgeons death with dignity act addresses

physician assisted suicide

is physician assisted suicide legal in michigan?

No, false

list two factors involved in matching donor organs to recipients

blood type & cell markers

what is false about HIV/AIDS?

AIDS can be transmitted via contact with urine or sweat

How can religion affect ones belief system

influence ethical decisions on makes or believes, religion may guide how one acts

importance of obtaining written consent

no consent no proof patient agreed to trial & violated pt rights

when a law is violated the government imposes

penalty

false imprisonment

unlawful restraint of an individuals personal liberty or the unlawful restraint of an individual

subpoena

legal order requiring a person to appear in court for the purpose of testifying in a case

statutory law

written law from federal & state bodies

negligent act

unintentional commission or omission of an act that a reasonably prudent person would or would not do

futility of treatment

where the physcian recognized that the effect of tx will be of no benefit to the pt

duty

a legal obligation of care imposed on a professional to safeguard the rights of others

tort

civil wrong that is committed against a person or property for which a court provides damages

When there exists an element of uncertainty regarding an unconscious patient's wishes in an emergency situation, the situation should be resolved

in a way that favors the preservation of life

foreseeability

The reasonable anticipation that harm or injury will result from an act, or a failure to act

efamation of character

The false oral or written communication to someone ridiculing another individual

battery

the intentional touching of another's person, in a socially impermissible manner, without that person's consent

contract

A written or oral agreement that involves legally binding obligations between two or more parties

Which of the following is not a violation of HIPAA's Privacy Rule?

all of the above are violations

Health Care Professionals should maintain their own liability insurance because

employers can sue employees for damages

One of the objectives of criminal law

maintain public order and safety

public policy

no one can lawfully do that which tends to be injurious to the public or against the public good

A surrogate decision maker is an agent who acts on behalf of:

a patient who lacks the capacity to participate in a particular decision

If the public is aware that a hospital furnishes emergency services and relies on that knowledge, the hospital

has a duty to provide those services to the public

In which situation is it appropriate for wages to be unequal?

When there is a system that objectively measures earnings by the quantity or quality of production

An organization's code of ethics

provides guidelines for behavior, helps carry out an organization's mission, vision, and values, increases awareness of ethical issues

whistleblowing

An employee who tells a news organization that his/her corporation is engaging in fraudulent activity (and it is true)

Sexual harassment can be verbal or physical and can include

a request for a sexual favor, sexual advances made as a condition of employment, creating an intimidating or offensive working environment

physical or behavioral clues that may indicate that a patient has been a victim of abuse

self destructive behavior

List the four elements that must be present for a plaintiff to recover damages caused by negligence

duty to care, breach or failure of duty, injury/actual damage, causation

Explain the concept of a "reasonably prudent person"

would a normal person respond or act in a manner that is resonable or sensible, while using their best judgement, care, and caution

Name five ethicalissues of concern in today's healthcare society

HIPAA/privacy, informed consent, end-of-life decisions/care, distribution of resources, profit vs patient safety and wellbeing

A nursing assistant working under the supervision of an RN in a hospital has witnessed several occasions when the RN behaves abusively to elderly patients. What should the nursing assistant do

ensure patient safety, step in if witness abuse, report nurse, document the abuse