ATDH- General Chemistry

0.40

A sample containing helium gas at 0.20 atm compresses so that its volume is halved at a constant temperature.

What is the new pressure in atmospheres?

d= m/v

density

60 g / 20 mL=3 g/mL

A metal sample has a mass of 60 grams and a volume of 20 mL. What is its density?

Sodium chloride

NaCl

Hydrogen Bonding

Which is the strongest attractive interaction in pure ethanol?

hydrogen bond

responsible for the attraction between water molecules

it is oxidized.

When an atom loses electrons during a chemical reaction, what happens to it?

ionic bond

a type of chemical link formed through the electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions

• transfer electrons

Mitochondrion

Which organelle is responsible for cellular respiration?

group 18 (Helium (He), Neon (Ne), Argon (Ar), Krypton (Kr), Xenon (Xe), Radon (Rn), and the synthetic element Oganesson (Og))

what is noble gas

noble gas

a chemical element in Group 18 of the periodic table

H2SO4

What is the formula for sulfuric acid?

4

Which is the maximum number of moles of CO2 that could be formed from 7 moles of CH4 and 8 moles of O2 by the reaction described?

CH4 + 2 O2 → CO2 + 2 H2O

M1V1=M2V2

5.0 L x 2.0 M NaCl / 3.0 NaCl= 3.3 L

How many L of 3.0 M NaCl is needed to make up a 5.0 L solution of 2.0 M

NaCl?

3.0

Which is the pH of a 0.001 M solution of HNO3?

Increasing the volume

Which change in the reaction shown below will lead to an increase in the

concentration of CO at equilibrium?

2 CO2(g) + heat ⇌ 2 CO(g) + O2(g)

2

How many electrons are in the valence shell of a monatomic ion of formula

Sn2+?

electrons

Negative (-1), which balances the positive charge of protons.

protons

Positive electric charge (+1 e), equal and opposite to an electron.

moles= 0.7 M x 1L= 0.7 mol

mass= molar mass x mass= 0.7moles×74g/mol=51.8g

PercentRecovery= (10g / 51.8g)100 = 19.3%

A one liter solution of 0.7 M KCl (74 g/mol) is evaporated and 10 g of KCl are

recovered. Which is the percent recovery of KCl?

C

Which element has the highest electronegativity on the periodic table?

A) Sodium (Na)

B) Chlorine (Cl)

C) Fluorine (F)

D) Oxygen (O)

B

What is the dominant type of intermolecular force present between water (H2​O) molecules?

A) London dispersion forces

B) Hydrogen bonding

C) Ionic bonds

D) Dipole-induced dipole interactions

B

When the reaction CH4​+O2​→CO2​+H2​O is fully balanced using the lowest whole-number coefficients, what is the coefficient for O2​?

A) 1

B) 2

C) 3

D) 4

D (p1v1=p2v2)

A sample of gas occupies 2.0 L at a pressure of 1.0 atm. If the volume is compressed to 0.5 L at constant temperature, what is the new pressure? A) 0.25 atm

B) 0.5 atm

C) 2.0 atm

D) 4.0 atm

V1/T1= V2 /T2

Charles's Law

PV=nRT

Ideal gas law

p1v1=p2v2

Boyle gas law

An increase in nuclear charge pulling electrons closer

As you move from left to right across a period on the periodic table, atomic radius generally decreases primarily due to

The equilibrium shifts to the right, favoring products.

For an endothermic reaction at equilibrium, what will happen if the temperature of the system is increased?

What is the electron configuration of a neutral Nitrogen atom (atomic number 7)?

Always add concentrated acid slowly to water while stirring

When preparing a standard dilution of an acid in a laboratory setting, which safety protocol is correct?

Decrease, lowering the freezing point

Adding a non-volatile solute to a pure solvent will cause the solution's vapor pressure to:

Hydrogen- 1 g/mol

Oxygen- 16 g/mol

Mass (2×1)+(1×16)=18 g/mol

mass/molar mass= 36g H2O / 18 g/mol= 2 mol

How many moles are present in 36 grams of water (H₂O)?

period

horizontal on the periodic table

group

vertical on the periodic table

It decreases because the nucleus attracts electrons more strongly

• Across the period, the number of protons increases while added electrons enter the same main energy level, generally pulling the electron cloud closer.

As you move from left to right across a period of the periodic table, what generally happens to atomic radius?

V1/T1= V2 /T2

V1= 2 L

T1= 300 K

V2=?

T2= 600 K

V2=V1 × T2/T1

2 L x 600 K/300 K = 4 L

A gas occupies 2 liters at a temperature of 300 K. If the pressure stays constant and the temperature increases to 600 K, what will the new volume be?

500 mL=0.5 L

concentration= 10 g/ 0.5 L =20 g/L

You dissolve 10 grams of salt in enough water to make 500 mL of solution. What is the concentration in grams per liter (g/L)?

exothermic

chemical energy stored in the reactants is higher than the energy of the products

• exits

• Reactants ——> Products + Heat

endothermic

the reactants need more energy to break their chemical bonds than the products release when forming new bonds

• enters

• Reactants + Heat ——> Products

covalent bond

share electrons