Study Session for Exam 3: Part 2 Water

This flashcard set covers the roles of water, dehydration levels, hormonal regulation, and types of solutions based on lecture notes for Exam 4.

What are the main roles of water in the body?

-is a SOLVENT FOR MINERALS, VITAMINS, AMINO ACIDS, GLUCOSE AND MANY OTHERS

-AIDS IN THE REGULATION OF NORMAL BODY TEMPERATURE

helps maintain the structure of large molecules like proteins, participates in metabolic reactions, maintains blood volume, acts as a lubricant and cushion around joints, serves as a solvent for various substances

TRUE OF FALSE: WATER CARRIES ONLY NUTRIENTS, NOT WASTE PRODUCTS

False

TRUE OF FALSE: WATER MAINTAINS THE STRUCTURE OF LARGE MOLECULES SUCH AS PROTEINS

True

TRUE OF FALSE: WATER DOES NOT PARTICIPATE IN METABOLIC REACTIONS

True

TRUE OF FALSE: WATER IS NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR BLOOD VOLUME

False

TRUE OF FALSE: WATER ACTS AS A LUBRICANT AND CUSHION AROUND JOINTS, INSIDE EYES AND THE SPINAL CORD

True

What happens when we lose water but not salts and other substances?

BLOOD BECOMES TOO CONCENTRATED

What happens when BLOOD BECOMES TOO CONCENTRATED

HYPOTHALAMUS SENDS A SIGNAL TO BE THIRSTY

Large Molecule Structure

Water maintains the structure of large molecules such as proteins.

TRUE OR FALSE: WHEN A PERSON DEHYDRATES MILDLY WILL EXPERIENCE RAPID PULSE, LOW BLOOD PRESSURE, BUT NEVER LACK OF ENERGY

False

TRUE OR FALSE: WHEN A PERSON DEHYDRATES SEVERELY, WILL EXPERIENCE SEIZURES AND MAY FALL INTO COMA OR EVEN DIE

True

Metabolic Reactions

Chemical processes in which water actively participates.

Blood Volume

A physiological component that water is responsible for maintaining.

Lubricant and Cushion

The role water plays around joints, inside eyes, and within the spinal cord.

Solvent

Water's role in dissolving minerals, vitamins, amino acids, glucose, and many other substances.

Body Temperature Regulation

An important role of water that helps maintain normal body temperature.

Concentrated Blood

The result of losing water from the body without losing salts and other substances.

Hypothalamus

The part of the brain that sends a signal to be thirsty when the mouth becomes dry.

Severe Dehydration

A condition characterized by the loss of $5\%$ and more of body weight; symptoms include seizures, coma, or death.

Mild Dehydration symptoms

Includes rapid pulse, low blood pressure, and a lack of energy.

Hyponatremia

A condition that occurs if water is drunk in excess of several gallons within a few hours.

ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone) and Aldosterone

The two hormones that stimulate kidneys to reabsorb water rather than excrete it.

Total Water Intake Sources

Includes drinking water, other beverages, and water found in foods.

Electrolyte

A salt dissociated in water.

Isotonic

A type of solution where the amount of water transported into the cell equals the amount of water transported out of the cell.

Hypotonic solution

A solution in which a cell gets swollen because water transported into the cell exceeds the amount of water transported out.

Hypertonic solution

A solution in which a cell shrinks because water transported out of the cell exceeds the amount of water transported into the cell.

FDA Soft Drink Regulation

The category under which seltzer, soda, and tonic are regulated rather than as water.