Cell Transport Vocab - CORE Acc. Biology 9

quiz on Friday, May 9 :confetti: :confetti:

Cell membrane

double-layer of phospholipids that forms a boundary between a cell and the surrounding environment and controls the passage of materials into and out of a cell

Phospholipid

molecule that forms a double-layered cell membrane; consists of a glycerol, a phosphate group, and two fatty acids

Selective Permeability

condition or quality of allowing some, but not all, materials to cross a barrier or membrane

Passive Transport

movement of molecules across the cell membrane without energy input from the cell

Diffusion

movement of dissolved molecules in a fluid or gas from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration

Concentration Gradient

difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another

Active Transport

energy-requiring movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration

Endocytosis

uptake of liquids or large molecules into a cell by inward folding of the cell membrane

Exocytosis

release of substances out of a cell by the fusion of a vesicle with the membrane

Facilitated Diffusion

diffusion of molecules assisted by protein channels that pierce a cell membrane

Osmosis

diffusion of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration

Isotonic

solution that has an equal concentration of dissolved particles compared with another solution

Hypertonic

solution that has a higher concentration of dissolved particles compared with another solution

Hypotonic

solution that has a lower concentration of dissolved particles compared with another solution