substance-related & addictive disorders

substance-use vs substance-induced disorders

related to addiction and show evidence of loss of control vs having an illness related to misuse of a substance

phase 1 (prealcoholic phase) alcohol use disorder

may be using alcohol to relieve everyday stress/tension; develop tolerance and may increase alcohol use

phase 2 (early alcoholic phase) alcohol use disorder

one begins to start blacking out from alcohol they drink; periods of amnesia; beginning to become a requirement; sneaking/hiding alcohol; guilt but defensive about drinking

phase 3 (crucial phase) alcohol use disorder

person has lost all control; binge drinking; extremely ill; anger and aggression; may start losing relationships/jobs because of this disorder

phase 4 (chronic phase) alcohol use disorder

more intoxicated than sober; body feels manifestations; no alcohol-> withdrawals including tremors, hallucinations, and seizures; prominent depression and suicide; emotional/physical disintegration/lost control

esophageal varices

distended veins in esophagus effecting blood flow to the liver

hepatic encephalopathy

liver unable to convert ammonia and cannot excrete it→ builds up and impairs mental functioning

characteristics of FAS

smaller/shorter features, learning delays/cognitive issues, and organ problems

alcohol intoxication occurs at a blood alcohol level between ___-___ mg/dL, withdrawal happens within _-__ hours of cessation of prolonged alcohol use

100-200; 4-12

CIWA

Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment of Alcohol

3 drug classes & one drug used in sedation/anxiolytic/hypnotic use disorder

barbiturates, benzos, hypnotics, and flunitrazepam (date rape drug)

is stimulant withdrawal considered an emergency?

no

are there withdrawal symptoms for inhalant use disorder?

no

COWS

Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale

mind-expanding drugs

hallucinogens

SBIRT

Screening, Brief Intervention, Referral, and treatment

4 stages of codependency

survival, reidentification, core issue, and reintegration

codependency stage 1: survival

person begins to let go of denial that a problem exists

codependency stage 2: reidentification

individual able to see their true self; accept responsibility for behavior and codependency label

codependency stage 3: core issue

recovering codependent; face that relationships cannot be managed by force of will

codependency stage 4: reintegration

self-acceptance and willingness to change habits

intoxication common symptoms (6)

slurred speech, drowsiness, euphoria, nystagmus, respiratory depression, and tachycardia

withdrawal common symptoms (6)

sweating, fever, irritability, mydriasis, N/V, and insomnia