year 10 geography exam

what is an aquifer?

body of rock or sediment that holds groundwater

what is an aquiclude?

an underground flow of water that is impermeable to water flow

why is the aral sea shrinking?

The aral sea is shrinking due to the overuse of water for agricultural irrigation for cotton cultivation

what management strategies have been implemented to help the aral sea?

A dam-like structure has been put in the northern part of the sea, to increase the flow from the Syr Darya. They have streighten riverbanks, and strengthened levees.

Why is Bangkok sinking?

bangkok was built just 1.5m above sea level on soft, marshy sediments. After building heavy buildings and with the sea level rising, it is sinking. There has also been excessive groundwater pumping that has causes the land to compress.

what is being done to prevent bangkok sinking?

dredging of canals, improving drainage systems and heightening the dam wall along the chao-phraya river

3 competing uses for the mekong river

agriculture, electricity and transport

why is vietnam concerned about the construction of dams along the Mekong river?

The water levels are become volatile, causing flooding, droughts, and disordered fish migration patterns.

what is happening to the mekong river?

excessive amounts of dams are being created to harvest hydropower

why is the colorado river drying up before it reaches the sea?

excessive amounts of irrigation in an already dry area

impacts on mexico as a result of the agreement of the colorado river

the water that reaches mexico is high in salinity and is poor quality as it is further down the line. Because of the absence of water, it is drier in Mexico and is affecting the climate.

3 competing uses of the everglades water

agriculture, drinking water, commerical/industrical uses

solution 1 of everglades + effectiveness:

recreating natural flows of water into lake okeechobee as well as the estuaries to stabilise the salinity and phosphorous levels. This would be effective, however would take some time to work due to the high levels of toxicity that runs deep

solution 2 of everglades + effectiveness:

what is human wellbeing?

a concept that encompasses material, emotional and physical wellbeing, ranked in different ways

3 indicators that measure wellbeing:

1. economic factors: GDP, average wealth
2. physical: average life expectancy
3. social: access to education, healthcare etc.

why would wellbeing vary amongst a population?

born to different levels of income, access to different amounts of basic rights like education, some places are more developed than others

bathymetry

depth of water