C215 - Chp 15: Scheduling

Average number of jobs in the system

Measures work-in-process inventory.

Backward scheduling

Starts with the due date for an order and works backward to determine the start date for each activity.

Capacity-constrained resources

Bottleneck caused by inefficient usage.

Due date

Time when the job is supposed to be finished.

Finite loading

Scheduling that loads work centers up to a predetermined amount of capacity.

Flow operations

Processes designed to handle high-volume, standard products.

Forward scheduling

Schedule that determines the earliest possible completion date for a job.

Gantt charts

Planning and control chart designed to graphically show workloads or to monitor job progress.

Global priority rules

Makes a priority decision based on information that includes the remaining work centers a job must pass through.

Infinite loading

Scheduling that calculates the capacity needed at work centers in the time period needed without regard to the capacity available to do the work.

Input/output control

A technique for monitoring the flow of jobs between work centers.

Internal resource constraint

A regular bottleneck.

Job flow time

Measurement of the time a job spends in the shop before it is finished.

Job lateness

Measures whether the job is done ahead of, on, or behind schedule.

Job tardiness

Measures how long after the due date the job is completed.

Johnson's rule

A technique for minimizing makespan in a two-stage, unidirectional process.

Load chart

A chart that visually shows the workload relative to the capacity at a resource.

Local priority rule

Makes a priority decision based on jobs currently at that work center.

Makespan

The amount of time it takes to finish a batch of jobs.

Market constraint

The condition that results when market demand is less than production capacity.

Nonbottlenecks

A work center with more capacity than demand.

Operation sequencing

A short-term plan of actual jobs to be run in each work center based on available capacity and priorities.

Optimized production technology (OPT)

A technique used to schedule bottleneck systems.

Policy constraint

The condition that results when a specific policy dictates the rate of production.

Priority rule

Determines the priority of jobs at a work center.

Process batch

The quantity produced at a resource before the resource is switched over to produce another product.

Progress chart

A chart that visually shows the planned schedule compared to actual performance.

Routings

Provides information about the operations to be performed, their sequence, the work centers, and the time standards.

Queues

Waiting line.

Slack

The amount of time a job can be delayed and still be finished by its due date.

Theory of constraints (TOC)

A management philosophy that extends the concepts of OPT.

Throughput

The quantity of finished goods that can be sold.

Transfer batch

The quantity of items moved at the same time from one resource to the next.