APHY 164 - Arteries

brachiocephalic artery

the first major branch off the aortic arch and the major artery to the right arm and head.

right subclavian artery

branches from the brachiocephalic artery, supplies blood to the right shoulder and arm

right common carotid artery

supplies blood to the right side of head and neck

left common carotid artery

supplies blood to the left side of head and neck

left subclavian artery

third branch off the aortic arch that distributes blood to the left shoulder and arm

thoracic aorta

part of the aorta that descends from the aortic arch through the thoracic cavity to the diaphragm

abdominal aorta

continuation of the thoracic aorta that runs through the abdominal cavity

celiac artery (trunk)

this artery (trunk) is the first anterior (ventral) branch of the abdominal aorta. It gives rise to the hepatic artery, the gastric artery, and the splenic artery.

gastric artery

supplies blood to the stomach

hepatic artery

supplies oxygenated blood to the liver

splenic artery

supplies blood to the spleen

superior mesenteric artery

branch off the abdominal aorta, supplies blood to the small intestine and part of the large intestine

renal artery

paired branches off the abdominal aorta, supply blood to the kidneys

gonadal artery

paired branches off the abdominal aorta, supply blood to the male and female gonads

inferior mesenteric artery

branch off the abdominal aorta, supplies blood to the distal areas of the large intestine (descending, sigmoid colon)

common iliac artery

paired terminal branch of the abdominal aorta, supplies blood to the pelvic organs and legs

internal iliac artery

branch of the common iliac artery, main artery of the pelvic cavity - supplies pelvic viscera, perineum, buttocks

external iliac artery

branch of the common iliac artery, supplies blood to the lower limbs

femoral artery

the major artery supplying the leg (femur, muscles, and skin of the thighs)

popliteal artery

behind the knee, connects the femoral artery to the anterior and posterior tibial arteries, supplies the knee joint region

posterior tibial artery

supplies blood to the posterior lower leg and the ankle region, becomes the plantar artery

anterior tibial artery

supplies blood to the anterior lower leg muscles and dorsum of the foot, becomes the dorsalis pedis artery

axillary artery

supplies blood to the axilla (armpit) area

brachial artery

the major artery of the upper arm

ulnar artery

main artery that supplies blood to the medial region of the forearm

radial artery

main artery that supplies blood to the lateral region of the forearm, palpable at the wrist (thumb side)

palmar arch

connects radial and ulnar artery in hand, gives rise to digital arteries to the fingers

external carotid artery

artery that supplies blood to the exterior parts of the head and neck

internal carotid artery

artery that supplies blood to the interior of the skull (brain)

vertebral artery

artery that branches off the subclavian artery, travels through the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae and to the brain

basilar artery

formed by the union of the vertebral arteries, supplies blood to the brainstem and to the posterior cerebral arteries.

superior vena cava

transports blood from the upper portion of the body to the heart

Circle of Willis (cerebral arterial circle)

an arterial anastomosis in the brain (basilar and internal carotid arteries)