IP Addressing and Subnetting Concepts

These flashcards cover essential concepts related to IP addressing and subnetting, including definitions and examples.

IPv4

The primary protocol for most internet communications, consisting of four separate numbers separated by periods.

IPv6

A newer version of IP with a larger address space than IPv4, consisting of 128 bits.

Subnet Mask

A configuration parameter that determines which part of an IP address is the network and which part is the host.

Default Gateway

The IP address of a router that allows devices to communicate outside of their local subnet.

DNS (Domain Name System)

A system that translates domain names into IP addresses, enabling easier navigation of the internet.

Octet

One of four segments in an IPv4 address, consisting of 8 bits.

Hexadecimal

A base-16 number system used to represent IPv6 addresses.

Address Space

The total number of unique IP addresses available for use in a network.

Classful Addressing

An older method for dividing IP addresses into classes and subnets according to predefined ranges.

CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing)

An address allocation method that allows for more flexibility in subnetting than traditional classful addressing.

Private IP Address

IP addresses that are reserved for private networks and are not routable on the internet.

Public IP Address

IP addresses that are assigned to devices that communicate over the public internet.

IP Address Assignment

The process of giving a unique IP address to a device on a network.

Loopback Address

A special IP address (127.0.0.1 for IPv4) used to refer to the local device.

Broadcast Address

An IP address that allows information to be sent to all devices in a subnet.

Network Address Translation (NAT)

A method that allows multiple devices on a private network to share a single public IP address.

Dynamic IP Address

An IP address that is assigned temporarily to a device by a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server.

Static IP Address

An IP address that is manually assigned to a device and remains constant.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

A network management protocol used to automate the process of configuring devices on IP networks.

Subnetting

The practice of dividing a network into smaller, manageable sub-networks.

Routing

The process of forwarding data packets between networks based on IP addresses.

Host Address

The portion of an IP address that identifies a specific device within a network.

Network Address

The portion of an IP address that identifies a specific network.

8-bit Segment

A group of 8 bits in a binary representation of an IP address, also referred to as one byte.

Maximum Value of Octet

The highest decimal value that can be represented in one octet (255).

URI (Uniform Resource Identifier)

A string of characters that uniquely identify a particular resource, such as a web page.

Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN)

A complete domain name that specifies the exact location of a resource in the DNS hierarchy.

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)

A communication protocol used to discover the link layer address of a network device based on its IP address.

IPv4 Address Example

An example of an IPv4 address is 192.168.1.1.

IPv6 Address Example

An example of an IPv6 address is 8051:8652:cffd:852.

Reserved IP Address

IP addresses that are reserved for specific uses and cannot be assigned to normal devices.

Floating IP Address

An IP address that can be assigned to any machine on a network, making it flexible for use in cloud computing.

Network Prefix

The leftmost bits of an IP address that represent the network portion.

Internet Protocol Suite

The set of communication protocols used for the internet, commonly known as TCP/IP.