Geo 1045 SG 5 Streams and Floods

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7 Terms

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Stream and Drainage Network Formation

  • Headward erosion extends channels upstream.

  • Drainage patterns depend on rock type and structure: dendritic (uniform material), radial (volcanoes), rectangular (faulted terrain).

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Stream Work and Landforms:

Erosion (cutting valleys), transport (sediment load), deposition (deltas, alluvial fans).

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Changes Along Stream Length:

From headwaters to mouth:

  • Decrease in sediment size.

  • Increase in discharge and sediment load.

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Floodplain

Low-lying ground next to river, built by sediment deposition during floods.

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How discharge will change along the course of a river in a temperate versus arid regions

  • Temperate: More consistent flow, seasonal floods.

  • Arid: Ephemeral streams, flash floods after storms.

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How is Discharge Changes measured?

Q = A × v where A = cross-sectional area, v = velocity.

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Relationship between stream discharge and urbanization.

Increases impermeable surfaces → higher peak discharge, faster runoff, less groundwater recharge.