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Encoding
The process of converting information into a form that can be stored in memory.
Short-Term Memory (STM)
A system for temporarily storing and managing information required to carry out complex cognitive tasks such as learning, reasoning, and comprehension.
Long-Term Memory (LTM)
A system for permanently storing, managing, and retrieving information for later use.
Semantic Encoding
Encoding of information based on its meaning rather than its sound or vision.
Maintenance Rehearsal
The process of repetitively verbalizing or thinking about information to keep it in short-term memory.
Elaborative Rehearsal
A memory technique that involves thinking about the meaning of the term to be remembered, as well as making connections between the new information and existing knowledge.
Interference Theory
A theory suggesting that forgetting occurs because some memories compete with others.
Decay Theory
The theory that memories fade over time due to the mere passage of time.
Cued Recall
A retrieval method in which a person is given a hint or cue to help recall information.
Free Recall
A retrieval method in which a person must generate a response without any cues.
Autobiographical Memory
Memory of specific events from one's life, particularly those that have emotional significance.
Memory Distortion
The inaccuracy of memory recall, influenced by various factors including prior experiences.
Primacy Effect
The tendency to recall the first items in a list better than those in the middle.
Recency Effect
The tendency to recall the most recent items in a list better than those in the middle.
