10.C BIO Darwin Presents His Case BASIC (PART C)

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9 Terms

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Evolution

Evolution is the sequence of changes in the characteristics of organisms over successive generations as a result of natural selection.

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Trait

A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes.

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Variation

Any difference between individuals of the same species.

<p>Any difference between individuals of the same species.</p>
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Adaptation

Inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival that can be structural, physiological or behavioral

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Structural adaptation

A physical structure possessed by organism gives it an advantage to survive. For example, large teeth/claws on a lion, spines on a cactus

<p>A physical structure possessed by organism gives it an advantage to survive. For example, large teeth/claws on a lion, spines on a cactus</p>
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Physiological adaptation

A chemical advantage possessed by the organism that gives it an advantage. For example, penicillin and sickle cell anemia resistance.

<p>A chemical advantage possessed by the organism that gives it an advantage. For example, penicillin and sickle cell anemia resistance.</p>
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Behavioral adaptation

A behavior exhibited by the organism gives it a competitive advantage. For example, migration of birds to warmer climate, hibernation of bears, storing of nuts by squirrels in the winter

<p>A behavior exhibited by the organism gives it a competitive advantage. For example, migration of birds to warmer climate, hibernation of bears, storing of nuts by squirrels in the winter</p>
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Survival of the fittest

Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called natural selection

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Natural selection

A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits.