history quiz 3

Agriculture 2 Industrial

• independent farmers 2 commercial farmers

• RAILROADS

• overpopulation of cities

• immigration

• pollution

• sanitization issues

Alexander Graham Bell

• 1870

• light and power

Thomas Edison

• incandescent light bulb

  • generators/ power plants

Progressive Reform Era

• problems rising:

• industrialization- big businesses, labor strife

• Immigration- ethnic diversity

• urbanization- slums and corruption

Andrew Carnagie

• STEEL

• Vertical Integration

  • taking over all of diff business company to reply on 4 primary

    • finishing shops, steel factories, railroads, mines

John Rockefeller

• OIL

• Horizontal Integration

• Standard Oil Company

• domination practice

Bessemer Process

• 1859

• turned iron into steel

J.P Morgan

• BANKING

Social Darwinism

• HERBET SPENCER (survival of the fittest)

• pseudo-science

• white people prevail over other races, ESP minorities

Problems of a Monopoly

• 1 or limited # of groups control an industry

• many groups critical 2 concentration of wealth

Wages and Working Conditions

• standard living since Civil War

  • Women and Children

    • filled need 4 unskilled workers

    • paid less or nothing 2 adult males

    • 25%= women

    • 2 million under 16 employed= 60% in agriculture

Knights of Labor

• founded in 1869

• 1st real national labor organization

• 1870 moved 2 Powderly’s leadership

American Federation of Labor

• started 1886

• skilled workers

• Gompers leadership?

Homestead Strike

• plant of Carangie’s that produced STEEL

• Henry Clay and Frick hired Pinkerton (violent detective agency) to handle strikers

• flamed water, guns, dynamite

Pullman Strike

• palace car company

• depression of 1893

• slashed wages but workers forced to pay rent 25% higher than avg.

WASP

• White Anglo Saxon Protestant

Progressivism Goals

• democracy- gov accountable 2 people

• regulation of corporations/ monopolies

• social justice- workers, poor, minorities

• environment protection

Would be achieved through

• Gov laws, programs, regulations

Inventions

• cash register

• typewriter

• lightbulbs