Mitochondria part - I Reading: Chapter 14

Mitochondria (inheritance and genome)

• maternally inherited

• contains own genome

Mitochondria membrane

• inner membrane

  • lots of folding

Cristae

inner membrane folds that increase surfaces area

• allow for more ATP to be produced from ETC

Mitochondria adapt to meet energy demand (where in teh cell is it found; how does it vary)

• mitochondria found in cytosol

• size is relative to the need of the cell ; skeletal muscels have more mitochondria

• mitochondria located in the cytosol

Mitochondria can divide like bacteria by mitochondria fission

• inter-membrane space

• inner membrane

• outer membrane

• matrix

Porins

Outer Membrane allow passage of water, pyruvate and other small

molecules into the Intermembrane Space.

Inner Membrane lacks porins

• instead has proteins of Electron Transport

  Chains, ATP synthase and Pumps to move solutes in and out of Matrix.

• it is impermeable because of its lipid composition

matrix contains

contains DNA and ribosomes.

Lipids of mitochondria (where do they come from; hows the mitochondria membrane similar)

Mitochondria import their lipids from the ER.

• Outer Membrane lipid composition is similar to that of plasma membrane.

• Some imported lipids are converted to cardiolipin in the mitochondria.

• Cardiolipin is a phospholipid with 4 hydrophobic tails which helps in making

the Inner Membrane impermeable.

• Cardiolipin forms approx 20% of the lipid in the Inner Membrane; there is no

cardiolipin in the Outer Membrane

Cardiolipin

phospholipid with 4 hydrophobic tails which helps in making

the Inner Membrane impermeable.

Cardiolipin forms approx 20% of the lipid in the Inner Membrane; there is no

cardiolipin in the Outer Membrane