Taxonomy and Systematics

studied byStudied by 0 people
0.0(0)
learn
LearnA personalized and smart learning plan
exam
Practice TestTake a test on your terms and definitions
spaced repetition
Spaced RepetitionScientifically backed study method
heart puzzle
Matching GameHow quick can you match all your cards?
flashcards
FlashcardsStudy terms and definitions

1 / 23

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.

24 Terms

1
Taxonomy
The science that identifies, names, and classifies new species.
New cards
2
Carolus Linnaeus
The first modern practitioner of taxonomy (1707-1778).
New cards
3
Binomial Nomenclature
A system introduced by Linnaeus where species are given a unique two-part name consisting of the genus and specific epithet.
New cards
4
Specific epithet
The second part of a species' binomial name, which follows the genus (e.g., canadensis in Castor canadensis).
New cards
5
Taxonomic hierarchy
The classification system that organizes species into successive levels: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.
New cards
6
Systematics
The study of biological diversity and evolutionary relationships, both extinct and modern.
New cards
7
Taxon
Each group at any level of the taxonomic hierarchy.
New cards
8
Monophyletic taxa
Groups that include one ancestral species and all of its descendants.
New cards
9
Homologous Characters
Traits that result from common ancestry and indicate evolutionary relationships.
New cards
10
Analogous Characters (Homoplasies)
Traits that are phenotypically similar but do not result from common ancestry; they evolved independently.
New cards
11
Convergent Evolution
The evolution of similar adaptations in distantly related organisms that occupy similar environments.
New cards
12
Synapomorphies
Shared derived characters that are useful for determining evolutionary relationships.
New cards
13
Outgroup comparison
A method used to identify derived characters by comparing with a less related group.
New cards
14
Molecular Clocks
Estimates of evolutionary time based on mutations in noncoding regions of DNA.
New cards
15
Principal of Parsimony
The preferred hypothesis is the simplest explanation for all characters and their states.
New cards
16
Cladistics
The study and classification of species based on evolutionary relationships.
New cards
17
Branch Point
The point in a cladogram where two species diverge based on shared derived characters.
New cards
18
Phylogenetic Trees
Diagrams that depict the evolutionary history of a group of organisms.
New cards
19
Characters States
Distinct features of organisms that can be ancestral or derived.
New cards
20
Polarity of Characters
Determined by examining fossil evidence or outgroup comparisons.
New cards
21
Paraphyletic Taxa
Taxa that contain an ancestor and some, but not all, descendants.
New cards
22
Polyphyletic Taxa
Taxa that include species from separate lineages and are not used in systematics.
New cards
23
Homoplasies
Phenotypic similarities that evolved independently in different lineages.
New cards
24
Cladogram
A phylogenetic tree that represents the evolutionary pathways among species.
New cards

Explore top notes

note Note
studied byStudied by 31 people
776 days ago
5.0(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 39 people
797 days ago
4.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 23 people
775 days ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 10 people
689 days ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 202 people
572 days ago
5.0(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 8 people
192 days ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 9 people
359 days ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 157 people
719 days ago
5.0(2)

Explore top flashcards

flashcards Flashcard (20)
studied byStudied by 49 people
569 days ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (56)
studied byStudied by 2 people
623 days ago
4.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (49)
studied byStudied by 89 people
117 days ago
5.0(2)
flashcards Flashcard (95)
studied byStudied by 36 people
492 days ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (98)
studied byStudied by 2 people
736 days ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (111)
studied byStudied by 365 people
540 days ago
5.0(4)
flashcards Flashcard (34)
studied byStudied by 17 people
847 days ago
4.0(1)
robot