Sadlier Level F: Units 9-12

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80 Terms

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abate

(v.) to make less in amount, degree, etc.; to subside, become less; to nullify; to deduct, omit

SYN: diminish, decrease, subside, let up
ANT: intensify, increase, magnify, wax

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adulation

(n.) praise or flattery that is excessive

SYN: adoration, idolization, hero-worship
ANT: ridicule, derision, odium

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anathema

(n.) an object of intense dislike; a curse or strong denunciation (often used adjectivally without the article)

SYN: malediction, imprecation, abomination
ANT: benediction, blessing

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astute

(adj.) shrewd, crafty, showing practical wisdom

SYN: acute, sagacious, judicious, wily
ANT: obtuse, doltish, empty-headed, dumb

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avarice

(n.) a greedy desire, particularly for wealth

SYN: cupidity, rapacity, acquisitiveness

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culpable

(adj.) deserving blame, worthy of condemnation

SYN: guilty, delinquent, peccant, blameworthy
ANT: blameless, innocent, laudable, meritorious

7
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dilatory

(adj.) tending to delay or procrastinate, not prompt; intended to delay or postpone

SYN: stalling, slow, tardy, laggard
ANT: prompt, punctual, speedy, expeditious

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egregious

(adj.) conspicuous, standing out from the mass (used particularly in an unfavorable sense)

SYN: glaring, flagrant, blatant
ANT: unnoticeable, paltry, piddling

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equivocate

(v.) to speak or act in a way that allows for more than one interpretation; to be deliberately vague or ambiguous

SYN: to talk out of both sides of one's mouth, palter, hedge
ANT: to speak one's mind plainly

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evanescent

(adj.) vanishing, soon passing away; light and airy

SYN: ephemeral, transient, transitory
ANT: everlasting, immortal, imperishable

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irresolute

(adj.) unable to make up one's mind, hesitating

SYN: indecisive, vacillating, wavering
ANT: determined, decisive, unwavering

12
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nebulous

(adj.) cloudlike, resembling a cloud; cloudy in color, not transparent; vague, confused, indistinct

SYN: hazy, fuzzy, cloudy, opaque, indeterminate
ANT: definite, distinct, clear, sharply focused

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novice

(n.) one who is just a beginner at some activity requiring skill and experience (also used adjectivally)

SYN: neophyte, tyro, trainee, apprentice
ANT: veteran, past master, pro, expert

14
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penury

(n.) extreme poverty; barrenness, insufficiency

SYN: destitution, indigence
ANT: affluence, luxury

15
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pretentious

(adj.) done for show, striving to make a big impression; claiming merit or position unjustifiably; making demands on one's skill or abilities, ambitious

SYN: ostentatious, inflated
ANT: unaffected, modest

16
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recapitulate

(v.) to review a series of facts; to sum up

SYN: review, summarize, go over

17
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resuscitate

(v.) to revive, bring back to consciousness or existence

SYN: revitalize, reanimate, restore, reactivate

18
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slovenly

(adj.) untidy, dirty, careless

SYN: unkempt, slatternly, lax
ANT: neat, meticulous

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supposition

(n.) something that is assumed or taken for granted without conclusive evidence

SYN: assumption, presumption, hypothesis

20
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torpid

(adj.) inactive, sluggish, dull

SYN: lethargic, languid
ANT: energetic, vigorous

21
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accrue

(v.) To grow or accumulate over time; to happen as a natural result

SYNONYMS: collect, accumulate, proceed from
ANTONYMS: dwindle, decrease, diminish, lessen

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annotation

(n.) A critical or explanatory note or comment, especially for a literary work

23
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bedlam

(n.) A state or scene of uproar and confusion

SYNONYMS: commotion, pandemonium, chaos, anarchy
ANTONYMS: peace and quiet, order, tranquility

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covert

(adj.) Hidden, disguised, purposefully kept secret; sheltered, secluded

SYNONYMS: (adj.)undercover, clandestine, sub-rosa
ANTONYMS: (adj.) open, overt, undisguised

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debonair

(adj.) Pleasant, courteous, lighthearted; smooth and polished in manner and appearance

SYNONYMS: carefree, jaunty, gracious, suave, urbane
ANTONYMS: distraught, agitated, boorish, churlish

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dun

(v.) To demand insistently, especially in payment of a debt; (n.) A creditor; (adj.) Dark, dull, drab, dingy

SYNONYMS: hound, pester, harass, nag

27
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efficacious

(adj.) Effective, producing results

SYNONYMS: effectual, efficient, potent, powerful
ANTONYMS: ineffective, worthless, useless

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equanimity

(n.) Calmness, composure, refusal to panic

SYNONYMS: tranquility, imperturbability
ANTONYMS: excitability, flappability, agitation

29
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fortuitous

(adj.) Accidental, occurring by a happy chance

SYNONYMS: unintentional, unplanned, random, lucky
ANTONYMS: intentional, deliberate, premeditated

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gist

(n.) The essential part, main point, or essence

SYNONYMS: substance, core, nucleus

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gratuitous

(adj.) Freely given; not called for by circumstances, unwarranted

SYNONYMS: voluntary, unjustified, uncalled-for
ANTONYMS: justified, warranted

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imperious

(adj.) Overbearing, arrogant; seeking to dominate; pressing, compelling

SYNONYMS: domineering, magisterial, urgent, imperative
ANTONYMS: fawning, obsequious, humble, unassuming

33
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invective

(n.) A strong denunciation or condemnation; abusive language

SYNONYMS: (n.) vituperation, abuse, diatribe, philippic
ANTONYMS: (n.) tribute, panegyric, encomium

34
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motley

(adj.) Showing great variety; composed of different elements or many colors
(n.) A jester's costume; a jester

SYNONYMS: (adj.) variegated, heterogeneous, diverse; (n.) fool
ANTONYMS: (adj.) uniform, homogeneous, monochromatic

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munificent

(adj.) Extremely generous, lavish

SYNONYMS: bounteous, liberal
ANTONYMS: stingy, miserly, tightfisted, parsimonious

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procrastinate

(v.) To delay, put off until later

SYNONYMS: stall, temporize, dillydally

37
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provocative

(adj.) Tending to produce a strong feeling or response; arousing desire or appetite; irritating, annoying

SYNONYMS: stimulating, arousing, vexing, galling
ANTONYMS: dull, insipid, bland, unstimulating

38
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recondite

(adj.) Exceeding ordinary knowledge and understanding

SYNONYMS: esoteric, arcane, profound, abstruse
ANTONYMS:simple, uncomplicated

39
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reprobate

(n.) A depraved, vicious, or unprincipled person, scoundrel
(v.) To disapprove of, condemn

SYNONYMS: (n.) scoundrel, blackguard; (adj.) immoral, corrupt
ANTONYMS: (n.) saint; (adj.) upright, virtuous, moral

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sedentary

(adj.) Characterized by or calling for continued sitting; remaining in one place

SYNONYMS: seated, stationary, static
ANTONYMS: active, peripatetic, migratory

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abstemious

(adj.) moderate, sparing (as in eating and drinking); characterized by abstinence and self-discipline

SYNONYMS: temperate, sober, moderate
ANTONYMS: indulgent, immoderate, intemperate

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censurable

(adj.) deserving of blame or correction

SYNONYMS:blameworthy, discreditable, reprehensible
ANTONYMS: commendable, laudable, meritorious

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contingent

(adj.) likely but not certain to happen, possible; dependent on uncertain events or conditions; happening by chance; (n.) a representative group forming part of a larger body

SYNONYMS: (adj.) conditional, dependent; (n.) a detachment
ANTONYMS: (adj.) independent of, unconnected with, certain

44
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corroborate

(v.) to confirm, make more certain, bolster, substantiate, verify

ANTONYMS: (adj.) refute, contradict, undermine, discredit

45
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denizen

(n.) an inhabitant, resident; one who frequents a place

SYNONYMS: resident, dweller, habitue
ANTONYMS: alien, outsider, stranger, foreigner

46
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discursive

(adj.) passing aimlessly from one place or subject to another, rambling, roving, nomadic

SYNONYMS: digressive, diffuse, wandering, episodic
ANTONYMS: short and to the point, succinct

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disseminate

(v.) to scatter or spread widely

SYNONYMS: disperse, publicize, broadcast, circulate
ANTONYMS: bring together, concentrate, muster, conceal, hide

48
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dowdy

(adj.) poorly dressed, shabby; lacking smartness and good taste

SYNONYMS: frumpy, tacky, frowsy, drab
ANTONYMS: chic, stylish, elegant, fashionable

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florid

(adj.) highly colored, reddish; excessively ornate, showy

SYNONYMS: flushed, ruddy, flowery, frilly, flamboyant
ANTONYMS: pale, ashen, pallid, sallow, austere, stark

50
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foist

(v.) to impose by fraud; to pass off as worthy or genuine; to bring about by stealth, dishonesty, or coercion

SYNONYMS: pass off, palm off, fob off

51
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gauche

(adj.) awkward, lacking in social graces, tactless, clumsy

SYNONYMS: inept, uncouth, maladroit
ANTONYMS: adroit, tactful, diplomatic, politic

52
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heresy

(n.) an opinion different from accepted belief; the denial of an idea that is generally held sacred

SYNONYMS: unorthodox, belief, heterodoxy
ANTONYMS: orthodoxy

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inculcate

(v.) to impress on the mind by repetition, teach persistently and earnestly

SYNONYMS: instill, implant, infuse, ingrain, imbue
ANTONYMS: efface, extirpate, root out

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palpable

(adj.) capable of being touched or felt; easily seen, heard, or recognized

SYNONYMS: tangible, plain, obvious, manifest
ANTONYMS: intangible, insubstantial, incorporeal

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perceptive

(adj.) having sympathetic insight or understanding, capable of keen appreciation

SYNONYMS: insightful, discerning, observant
ANTONYMS: dense, thick, obtuse, dim-witted

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pernicious

(adj.) extremely harmful; deadly, fatal

SYNONYMS: injurious, deleterious, baleful, noxious
ANTONYMS: harmless, innocuous, salutary, salubrious

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salient

(adj.) leaping, jumping, or springing forth; prominent, standing out, conspicuous; (n.) a projection or bulge, a land form that projects upward or outward

SYNONYMS: (adj.) striking, notable, protrusive, obvious
ANTONYMS: (adj.) inconspicuous, recessive

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satiate

(v.) to satisfy completely; to fill to excess; (adj.) full, satisfied

SYNONYMS: (v.) gratify, cloy, surfeit, gorge
ANTONYMS: (v.) starve, deprive entirely of

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sear

(v.) to make or become dry and withered; to char or scorch the surface of; to harden or make unfeeling; to patch, dessicate, singe

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specious

(adj.) deceptive, apparently good or valid but lacking real merit

SYNONYMS: deceptively plausible, sophistic, casuistic
ANTONYMS: valid, sound, solid, genuine

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absolve

(v.) to clear from blame, responsibility, or guilt

SYNONYMS: acquit, exonerate, vindicate, excuse, pardon
ANTONYMS: condemn, convict, incriminate, inculpate

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caricature

(n.) a representation in which the subject's characteristic features are deliberately exaggerated; (v.) to present someone or something in a deliberately distorted way

SYNONYMS: (n.) cartoon, burlesque, parody, lampoon

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clangor

(n.) a loud ringing sound; (v.) to make a loud ringing noise

SYNONYMS: (n.) din, clamor, uproar
ANTONYMS: (n.) silence, stillness, peace and quiet

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contiguous

(adj.) side by side, touching; near; adjacent in time

SYNONYMS: adjoining, abutting, next door to
ANTONYMS: detached, apart, distant, remote

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cupidity

(n.) an eager desire for something; greed

SYNONYMS: avarice, rapacity, craving, lust
ANTONYMS: generosity, contentment, satiation, gratification

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deleterious

(adj.) harmful, injurious

SYNONYMS: detrimental, destructive, pernicious, damaging
ANTONYMS: helpful, beneficial, harmless, innocuous

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enhance

(v.) to raise to a higher degree; to increase the value or desirability of

SYNONYMS: improve, magnify, heighten, elevate
ANTONYMS: diminish, reduce, lessen, degrade

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enthrall

(v.) captivate, charm, hold spellbound; to enslave; to imprison

SYNONYMS: fascinate, enchant, attract, bewitch
ANTONYMS: bore to tears, repel, put someone off

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extenuate

(v.) to lessen the seriousness or magnitude of an offense by making partial excuses.

SYNONYMS: moderate, mitigate, diminish, downplay
ANTONYMS: intensify, aggravate, worsen, exacerbate

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implicit

(adj.) implied or understood though unexpressed; without doubts or reservations, unquestioning; potentially contained in

SYNONYMS: inferred, tacit, unspoken, unconditional
ANTONYMS: explicit, expressed, stated, revealed

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incisive

(adj.) sharp, keen, penetrating

SYNONYMS: acute, cutting, perceptive, trenchant

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ostentatious

(adj.) marked by conspicuous or pretentious display, showy

SYNONYMS: flashy, overdone, affected, flamboyant
ANTONYMS: modes, plain, simple, demure, retiring

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paragon

(n.) a model of excellence or perfection

SYNONYMS: exemplar, ideal, paradigm, model, good example

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politic

(adj.) prudent, shrewdly conceived and developed; artful, expedient

SYNONYMS: tactful, diplomatic, judicious, circumspect
ANTONYMS: unwise, injudicious, imprudent, rash

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prosaic

(adj.) dull, lacking in distinction and originality; matter-of-fact, straightforward; characteristic or prose, not poetic

SYNONYMS: commonplace, humdrum, literal, pedestrian
ANTONYMS: remarkable, distinctive, poetic, inspired

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redundant

(adj.) extra, excess, more than is needed; wordy, repetitive; profuse, lush

SYNONYMS: unnecessary, superfluous, verbose, prolix
ANTONYMS: succinct, terse, laconic, scarce, inadequate

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sanctimonious

(adj.) making a show of virtue or righteousness; hypocritically moralistic or pious, self-righteous, canting, holier-than-thou

ANTONYMS: heartfelt, sincere, humble

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scintillating

(adj., part.) sparkling, twinkling, exceptionally brilliant (applied to mental or personal qualities)

SYNONYMS: stimulation, lively, glittering, flashing
ANTONYMS: dull, boring, insipid, flat, tame, vapid

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winsome

(adj.) charming, attractive, pleasing

SYNONYMS: winning, engaging, delightful, prepossessing
ANTONYMS: unattractive, unappealing, repulsive

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inimical

(adj.) tending to cause harm; being oppositional or adverse
SYNONYMS:: unfriendly, hostile, antagonistic, contrary