eosc 210 - igneous rocks

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7 Terms

1
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gabbro

  • composition: mafic

  • formation: intrusive

  • texture: crystalline, phaneritic

  • minerals: calcium rich

    • pyroxene

    • olivine

    • plagioclase feldspar

    • amphibole

2
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granite

  • composition: felsic

  • formation: intrusive

  • texture: crystalline, phaneritic

  • minerals: sodium rich

    • quartz

    • potassium feldspar

    • biotite

    • amphibole

3
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obsidian

  • composition: felsic (glass is made of silica!)

  • formation: extrusive

  • texture: non-crystalline, glassy

  • conchoidal fracture

4
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pumice

  • composition: felsic

  • formation: extrusive

  • texture: non-crystalline, glassy

  • light weight

  • very porous

5
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basalt

  • composition: mafic

  • formation: extrusive

  • texture: crystalline, aphanitic

  • minerals: calcium rich

    • pyroxene

    • olivine

    • plagioclase feldspar

    • amphibole

6
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ash tuff

  • composition: felsic

  • formation: extrusive

  • texture: noncrystalline, fragmental/pyroclastic

7
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porphyritic andesite

  • composition: mafic

  • formation: extrusive

  • texture: crystalline, porphyritic

  • minerals:

    • pyroxene

    • plagioclase feldspar

    • amphibole

  • 2 stage cooling