all the interacting parts of a biological community and its environment
Ecosystem
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an ecosystem that is capable of withstanding pressure and giving support to a variety of organisms
Sustainable ecosystem
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Living things in an ecosystem
biotic factors
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Abiotic factors are the non-living parts of an organism's habitat.
abiotic factors
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the solid, outer layer of the earth that consists of the crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle
Lithosphere
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all the waters on the earth's surface, such as lakes and seas, and sometimes including water over the earth's surface, such as clouds.
Hydrosphere
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the envelope of gases surrounding the earth or another planet.
atmosphere
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Consists of all life on Earth and all parts of the Earth in which life exists, including land, water, and the atmosphere.
Biosphere
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a substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and the maintenance of life.
Nutrients
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An ecosystem that is located in bodies of water.
aquatic ecosystem
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An ecosystem that is found on land
Terrestrial ecosystem
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A process by which nutrients, particularly phosphorus and nitrogen, become highly concentrated in a body of water, leading to increased growth of organisms such as algae or cyanobacteria.
Eutrophication
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process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches
photosynthesis
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Each step in a food chain or food web
trophic level
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the build up of a substance (usually a toxin) as it passes through a food chain
Bioaccumulation
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Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
cellular respiration
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Process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen
Fermentation
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Gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, water vapor, and ozone in the atmosphere which are involved in the greenhouse effect.
Greenhouse gases
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warming that results when solar radiation is trapped by the atmosphere
greenhouse effect
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precipitation, such as rain, sleet, or snow, that contains a high concentration of acids, often because of the pollution of the atmosphere
Acid precipitation
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The process of moving matter or nutrients through the biotic and Abiotic environment. Essential elements like Hydrogen. Oxygen, Nitrogen, and carbon is consumed, rearranged, stored, and used.
Nutrient Cycles
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The law of conservation of mass
matter can not be created or destroyed.
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Carbon reservoirs
In the atmosphere, In living organic matter (plants/Animals), Fossil fuels (coal deposits), Ocean as dissolved c02 and in limestone as calcium carbonate.
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Releases more carbon than it absorbs like Volcanic activity, Fires, Decomposition, and Cellular respiration.
Carbon source
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Absorb more co2 than they give off - Forests, Oceans fossil fuels and Carbonate rocks like limestone.
Carbon sinks
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Bacteria convert nitrogengas into nitrogen containing compounds that can be used.
Nitrogen Fixation
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Producer (1st trophic level)
Organisim that makes its own food
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Primary consumer (2nd trophic level)
herbivores
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Secondary Consumer (3rd trophic level)
Carnivores that eat primary consumers
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Tertiary Consumer (4th trophic level)
Carnivores that eat secondary consumers
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Consumers that feecd on Detritus (the remains of dead organisims and animal wastes)
Detrivores
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Detrivores
Earthworms, maggots, slugs
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Carnivores that eat the remains of dead animals
Scavengers
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Scavengers
Vultures, jackals, & hyenas
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Special consumers that break down organic matter ad release nutrients into the soil.
Decomposers
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Decomposers
Fungi and Bacteria
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When individuals are trying to get enough of the same reasource
Competition
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One individual feeds on another
Predation
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2 individuals benefiting each other
Mutualism (symbiosis)
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One individual benefits the other is not harmed but not benifited
Communalism
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One individual lives on in a host organism & feeds on them
Parasitism
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l limiting factors such as temperature, wind, climate, sunlight, rainfall, soil composition, natural disasters, and pollution.
Abiotic Limiting factors
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limiting factors are those things in an ecosystem that restrict the size, growth, and/or distribution of a population. limiting factors such as things like **food, availability of mates, disease, and predators.**
Studied by 37 people
