Gases

Manometer

________: used to measure the difference in pressure between atmospheric pressure and that of a gas in a vessel.

Average kinetic energy

________ is proportional to the absolute temperature (Kelvin)

Molecules

________ take up no space in the container (actually take up about 0.1 % by volume)

Boyles Law

________: the volume of a fixed quantity of gas, at constant temperature, is inversely proportional to the pressure.

Atmospheric pressure

________ is the weight of air per unit of area.

Avogadros Law

________: the volume of a gas maintained at constant temperature and pressure is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas.

Average kinetic energy

________ (KE) is constant at constant temperature.

At ordinary temperature & pressure

He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe are monatomic; H2 , N2 , O2 , F2 , Cl2 are diatomic

Pressure

the amount of force applied to an area

Manometer

used to measure the difference in pressure between atmospheric pressure and that of a gas in a vessel

Boyles Law

the volume of a fixed quantity of gas, at constant temperature, is inversely proportional to the pressure

Charles Law

the volume of a fixed amount of gas maintained at a constant pressure is directly proportional to its absolute temperature

Avogadros Law

the volume of a gas maintained at constant temperature and pressure is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas

Idea gas law

PV = nRT

Assumptions necessary for ideal gas law

There are no interactions between molecules

Molecules take up no space in the container (actually take up about 0.1% by volume)

Corrections for non-ideal gas made with the Van der Waals equation

Dalton's law of partial pressure

The total pressure of a mixture of gases equals the sum of the pressures that each would exert if it were present alone

Kinetic molecular theory gases

Gases consist of large numbers of molecules in continuous, random motion.

Volume of the gas molecules is negligible compared To the total volume of the “container”.

Attractive and repulsive forces between gas molecules is negligible.

Average kinetic energy (KE) is constant at constant temperature

Average kinetic energy is proportional to the absolute temperature (Kelvin).