CON LAW 203

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Final Exam Practice

Last updated 4:06 PM on 5/21/26
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26 Terms

1
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What are the two main functions of the U.S. Constitution?

  • Creates the federal government and distributes power between state and federal governments

  • Supreme law of the land

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What case established judicial review?

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

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What is judicial review?

The power of the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional

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What case overturned segregation in schools?

Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

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What case established Miranda rights?

Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

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What did Dobbs v. Jackson (2022) do?

Overturned Roe v. Wade and returned abortion regulation to the states

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Stare Decisis

Following precedent

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Dred Scott v. Sandford

  • Black people not considered citizens

  • Overturned by 13th & 14th Amendments

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Plessy v. Ferguson

  • “Separate but equal”

  • Segregation Allowed

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Brown v. Board of Education

  • Overturned Plessy

  • Segregated schools unconstitutional

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13th Amendment

Abolished slavery

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14th Amendment

  • Citizenship

  • Due process

  • Equal protection

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4th Amendment

Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures

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DRED SCOTT

Black people not citizens

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FIRST AMENDMENT FREEDOMS

  • religion

  • speech

  • press

  • assembly

  • petition

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ESTABLISHMENT CLAUSE

Government cannot:

  • establish religion

  • favor religion

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FREE EXERCISE CLAUSE

Government cannot:

  • interfere with religion

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LEMON TEST

  • secular purpose

  • neutral effect

  • no excessive entanglement

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EXCESSIVE ENTANGLEMENT

Means:

  • government too involved with religion

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TEXAS v. JOHNSON

Rule:

  • flag burning protected speech

BUT:

  • crimes during act still punishable

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REASONABLE SUSPICION

Lower standard Needed for:

  • stop/frisk

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PROBABLE CAUSE

Higher standard Needed for:

  • arrest

  • warrants

THIS DIFFERENCE IS HUGE.

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TERRY v. OHIO

Rule:

Police can:

  • stop person with reasonable suspicion

  • frisk if suspect armed/dangerous

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ILLINOIS v. WARDLOW

Rule:

Running in high-crime area:

  • may create reasonable suspicion

BUT:

  • running alone ≠ automatic guilt

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FRUIT OF POISONOUS TREE

evidence from illegal search also excluded

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WARRANT EXCEPTIONS

  • consent

  • plain view

  • automobile exception

  • exigent circumstances