The Civil War Lecture Notes

Vocabulary flashcards covering the military strategies, political shifts, social changes, and key battles of the American Civil War as detailed in the lecture transcript.

Border States

The eight slave states that remained in the Union before the attack on Ft. Sumter, providing advantages in troops and money while acting as a buffer against the South.

Confederacy Advantages

Higher morale and better generals, with a military goal of outlasting Lincoln.

Union Advantages

A stronger economy and population, along with control of the sea and the coast.

Union Draft Exemption Fee

A payment of $300$ dollars that wealthy individuals could make to get out of the war during the conscription period.

Confederate Draft Age

The age range for the Southern draft which eventually included men from age $16$ to $50$.

First Battle of Bull Run

A battle won by the South that changed the Northern perception that the war would end quickly, leading them to prepare more extensively.

Battle of Antietam

The bloodiest battle in the war where Union forces stopped Lee's advances on DC, enabling Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation.

Emancipation Proclamation

An executive declaration that made slaves in non-conquered Confederate states "forever free," though it did not affect slaves in the border states.

Anaconda Plan

A four-part strategy involving a naval blockade, controlling the Mississippi River, marching through Georgia, and capturing Richmond.

Richmond, Virginia

The capital of the Confederacy and a primary objective of the Union's Anaconda Plan.

Battle of Gettysburg

The second and final time Lee invaded the Union; its conclusion forced Lee to play defensively because he could no longer replace fallen soldiers.

General Sherman's March to the Sea

A military movement involving $60,000$ Union soldiers who destroyed farms and cities while freeing slaves on their way to the Atlantic Coast.

Copperheads

A faction of the Democratic Party that opposed the war and openly sympathized with the South during the election of $1864$.

War Democrats and Peace Democrats

The two split factions of the Democratic Party heading into the election of $1864$.

Andrew Johnson

A Southern Democrat nominated for Vice President by the Republican Party in $1864$ to gain votes from War Democrats and border states.

Appomattox and Durham

The locations of the Confederate surrenders, which were marked by civility and seen as symbolic of the country needing to reunite.

Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan

A plan that was considered beneficial to the South, the loss of which after his death left the region less well off.