Last Lab Part 2

What is the name and function of l

olefactory nerve - smell

What is the name and function of ll

optic nerve - visual sensory

What is the name and function of lll

oculomotor nerve - eyelid movement, pupil constriction

What is the name and function of lV

trochlear nerve - eye movement

What is the name and function of V

trigeminal nerve - facial sensation and chewing

What is the name and function of Vl

abducens nerve - outward eye movement

What is the name and function of Vll

Facial nerve - facial expressions, Salvatore gland

What is the name and function of Vlll

Vestibulochlear nerve - hearing and balance

What is the name and function of lX

glossopharyngeal nerve - swalloing, tongue muscle

What is the name and function of X

vagus nerve - heart rate, digestion

What is the name and function of Xl

accessory nerve - neck turning, shoulder shrugging

What is the name and function of Xll

hypoglossal nerve - swallowing, speech

Distinguish between autonomic and somatic reflexes and describe a typical reflex arc.  

somatic reflexes trigger skeletal muscles through a single motor neuron, autonomic reflexes regulate cardiac muscles using a two neuron pathways, both following a reflex arc from receptor and effector

Distinguish between monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflexes.

monosynaptic reflexes uses one sensory neuron for speed while polysynaptic uses multiple sensory neurons for more complex movements

Compare “cord-mediated” reflexes with responses requiring input form the brain. 

cord mediated reflexes are instant and automatic, while brain involved responses are slower because they require conscious thought

List the three main reflexes.

patellar, plantar, pupillary light

Patellar reflex

somatic reflex, tap patellar ligament while the leg is hanging, quadracepts muscle contracts causing a kick, testing for lower and upper motor neuron damage

Plantar reflex

somatic reflex, stroke the lateral sole of the heel with something blunt, toes should curl downwards in adults, toes curling upwards indicates damage to the corticolspinal tract

Pupillary reflex

autonomatic reflex, shine a bright light into one eye and watch the opposite, both eyes should always be the same size, if not this can tramua to the brain and surrounding nerves.

What is a reflex arc?

a neural pathways that controls a reflex, allowing for an immediate response to a stimulus without waiting for the brain to process the information.

What is number one in the reflex arc?

Receptor is a nerve ending that detects heat, pressure, and pain

What is number two in the reflex arc?

sensory neuron carries the electrical impulse to the spinal cord

What is number three in the reflex arc?

dorsal root ganglion relays sensory signals to the spinal cord

What is number four in the reflex arc?

synapse translates signals through neurons through chemical messengers

What is number five in the reflex arc?

interneuron connects sensory and motor neurons for processing

What is number six in the reflex arc?

motor neuron carries signals from the brain to trigger muscles

What is number seven in the reflex arc?

effector is an organ or muscle that responds to signals

Summerize the cervical plexus.

a c1-c4 nerve network providing sensory and motor intervention to the neck

Summerize the phrenic nerve.

located in c3-c5 providing the essential motor control for your diaphragm to breathe

Summerize the brachial plexus.

a nerve network from c5-t1 providing motor and sensory control in the arm

Summerize the radial nerve.

originates from the brachial plexus nerve providing motor and sensory control in the back of the arm

Summerize the medial nerve.

provied motor control to the forearm and hand enabling finger and thumb movement

Summerize the ulnar nerve.

controls hand muscles and sensation to the pinky

Summerize the lumbosacral plexus.

l1-s4 providing sensory and motr intervention to lower back, pelvis and legs

Summerize the femoral nerve.

l2-l4 controls the thigh and input to the front leg

Summerize the obturator nerve.

l2-l4 control to inner thigh for leg upduction and sensation

Summerize the saphenous nerve.

the longest sensory branch supplying the inner leg and foot

Summerize the sciatic nerve.

l4-s3 the body’s longest nerve providing motor and sensory to the entire leg

Summerize the posterior tibial nerve.

provides motor and sensory control to calf, foot and sole

Summerize the lateral plantar nerve.

motor control to small foot muscles and sole sensation

Summerize the medial plantar nerve.

proveds sensation to the inner sole and controls several toe muscles