history exam 2023

fdr’s new deal consisted of what three r’s

reform, recovery, relief

FDR’s new deal reform did what

it tried to prevent the problem from happening 

FDR’s new deal recovery did what

it helped the economy recover by providing jobs 

FDR’s new deal relief did what

gave people immediate help, didn't solve long term issues ex: money, food, stimulus checks 

the history of court packing

the supreme court declared some of the agencies FDR made “unconstitutional” so FDR wanted to “pack” the court by adding democratic supreme courts so his agencies could pass

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what was court packing

for every judge over 70, the president could add a justice till the number reached 15

did court packing ever happen

no, court packing never happened because the people FDR wanted out (so he could choose his own members of the supreme court that were democrats) just happen to resign/retire as he was trying to pass court packing.

republicans thoughts about the government

make government small

democrats thoughts about the government

make government big

the three reasons for the dust bowl

overgrazing, overfarming, drought

what caused overgrazing

they were too many animals in that area

what caused overfarming

farmers realized they could make a lot of money selling wheat so many started doing that and there was no wheat/crops left

how did the drought lead to the dust bowl

the grass couldn’t grow so dust formed and spreaded way easier than if there was grass on the ground

where was the dust bowl located

kansas, panhandle of oklahoma, and parts of texas

herbert hoover focused on this to better america during the great depression

volunteerism

the FDIC was created for many reasons, one was to…

gain people's confidence in banks again

which of the following best describes FDR's belief about how the united states government should interact with the united states economy and the citizens of the country

the federal government must concern itself with the people’s economic well being and help them when necessary

in the 1930s, FDR changed the federal government’s role in the economy by spending more money than the government receives in revenue, this is called

deficit spending

the supreme court declared some new deal laws unconstitutional, such as the NR, because these laws

overextended the power of the federal government by setting wages and price

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the following quote was given by a man in new york city, what is he describing?

“two or three blocks along times square, you'd see these men, silent, shuffling along in a line. getting this handout of coffee and doughnuts, dealt from great trucks...."

bread lines

following is from the SSA (social security act)

"section 202. (a) Every qualified individual shall be entitled to receive.. . on the date he attains the age of sixty-five,... ending on the date of his death, an old-age benefit (pension). "

the major purpose of this section of federal legislation was to...

provide economic assistance to retired workers

FDRs first act as president during his first 100 days was to make sure the american people could trust and have confidence in…

the banking system

a cause of the great depression

agricultural overproduction

a cause of the great depression

laissez-faire politics

what was laissez-faire politics

minimum governmental interference in the economy of individuals and the society

was the dust bowl a cause of the great depression

no the dust bowl wasn’t a cause of the great depression

what was fdr’s second new deal also called

second 100 days

fdr’s second new deal was focused on helping…

poor tenant farmers and sharecroppers

the story of the bonus army ended with hoover…

telling the washington dc police force to peacefully remove the bonus army but the military used violence against the bonus army

what was the bonus army

a gathering of 10,000 to 25,000 world war 1 veterans who with their wives and children converged on washington dc demanding immediate bonus payments for wartime services

the purpose of the bonus army

to alleviate the economic hardship of the great depression

black tuesday in american history is associated with

the stock market crash

dorthea lange was hired by the government during the great depression to take pics of ppl struggling and became famous bc of her picture of…

the migrant workers

when a person borrows money to buy stock that is known as…

buying on margin

hoovervilles were…

named after hoover and were places where people who lost their homes and savings during the great depression lived

hoovervilles were also known as…

shantytowns

the main president during the great depression and the one that got america out was...

FDR

the president when the great depression first started (and many ppl didnt like him bc they thought he didnt help enough) was…

herbert hoover

one cause of the great depression was..

black tuesday

what was tuesday october 29, 1929 when the stock market collapsed and led to the great depression taking place

black tuesday

one cause of the great depression was..

bank failures

one cause of the great depression was..

american citizens buying appliance through installment buying

was created to control flooding, provided jobs, and generated hydroelectricity

tennesee valley authority

agriculture adjustment act

this raised the price of crops by lowering the production of them

works progress administration

this agency created more jobs than any other agency workers built roads and airports as well as working jobs in museums and theater (public work jobs)

social security act

this agency is still around today and provides unemployment compensation as well as other benefits for americans

federal deposit insurance corporation

this guaranteed peoples money would be insured up to $5000

fair labor and standards act

this agency set a minimum wage and established how many hours people could work before they get paid for overtime

civilian conservation corps

if you were male from the age of 18-25 and liked working outdoors in nature, then this agency was for you

hoover said that individuals should succeed through their own efforts , therefore, the government should not overly involve itself in the economic lives of people or the nation in general. hoover called this idea…

rugged individualism

the following is an example of which cause of the great depression

“between 1920 and 1929 the income of the wealthiest 1% of the population rose by 75% compared with an 9% increase for americans as a whole”

maldistribution of wealth

which of the following causes signaled the begninning of the great depression

the crash of the stock market

how was a japanese kamikaze plane different than a regular japanese zero fighter plane

a kamikaze plane was loaded full of bombs and gas tanks

the cause of the montgomery bus boycott was…

rosa parks refused to give up her bus seat for a white person

was the montgomery bus boycott effective

yes it led to bus lines desegregating

what was the montgomery bus boycott

african americans refused to ride on bus lines and the bus lines lost a lot of money and customers

the american strategy in pacific where heavily defended islands were avoided but islands that were considered strategic were taken is known as..

island hopping

what was the watergate scandal

president nixons team (plumbers) bugged the democratic office and they were caught

how did the watergate scandal end

nixons team lied about it and tried to cover it up but there was too much evidence against him so he resigned

what was lyndon johnsons “the great society”

the great society was lyndon johnson's domestic plan to fight discrimination poverty and to help the environment (ex: the clean water act, clean air act,etc.)

what caused world trade to fall off by more than 40% during the great depression

high tariffs

what are tariffs

a tax on goods and services imported into a country

where was the dust bowl

B

this image is an example of..

a migrant worker and their family

the following political cartoon was drawn in reference to…

court packing

this amendment cut the “lame duck” waiting period of the presidential inauguration from march 4 to jan 20

20th amendment

is the works progress act still in existence ?

no the wpa is still in existence

is the social security administration still in existence

yes the ssa is in existence

is the federal deposit insurance corporation still in existence

yes the fdic is

is the securities and exchange commission still in existence

yes the sec is

speculation in the 1920s led many people to

buy stocks on margin

a “bank run” happened when

people believed their local bank was going to run out of cash

what best describes john steinbecks “the grapes of wrath”

fictional story of an “okie” (native of oklahoma) family who lost their farm to the dust bowl and greedy bankers, they moved to california only to find a life just as difficult

what was a problem for the residents of the dust bowl

overpopulation of jackrabbits and grasshoppers

what was a problem for the residents of the dust bowl

black blizzards

what was a problem for the residents of the dust bowl

static electricity

bataan

american and filipino troops forced to walk 65 miles in intense heat resulting in thousands of deaths

761st tank battalion

all black servicemen in the army that played a key role in holding back hitlers army at the battle of the bulge

battle of the bulge

germanys last ditch effort to break through the allied lines trying to cut off the allies supply line of oil/fuel

d day

gave the allied powers a foothold in france to start its trek to liberate europe

navajo code talkers

used by american forces in the pacific war so japanese couldn’t interpret intercepted messages

tuskegee airmen

the first black servicemen to serve as military aviators in the american armed forces

101st airborne

helped liberate nazi concentration camps and played a huge role in winning key battles such as battle of the bulge

442nd combat team

second generation japanese american regiment that fought for the american forces in europe

midway

after an american victory here, the japanese lost air superiority in the pacific and changed the favor of war to the american side

wasps

an all-women unit that flew ameircan service planes during world war 2

the meeting between winston churchill and franklin roosevelt that envisioned countries governing their relations with one another through a democratic process with and international organization solving disputes between countries was known as…

the atlantic charter

winston churchill

fdrs (franklin roosevelt) main foreign ally who was a democratic prime minister

ruben rivers

led the 761st but was killed at the battle of the bulge posthumously (after death) he received the medal of honor for his bravery

harry s truman

the one that decided to drop the first and only atomic bombs ever used during a war

douglass macarthur

commanding general for the united states in the fight against japan in the pacific theater

rosie the riverter

worked in war factories and shipyards on the home front

franklin roosevelt

president of the united states for almost the entirety of world war 2

dwight d eisenhower

five star general in charge of the allied expeditionary forces in european theater

joseph stalin

communist leader who joined the allies after being attacked by the nazis

hideki tojo

military leader who took the emperors power away during the war

benito mussolini

original fascists dictator who was known as the absolute leader

americans involved with this were told to keep quiet about what they did at their job site…

the manhattan project

what was the manhattan project

secret research/development undertaking during world war 2 that produced the first nuclear weapons

lend lease act

united states policy that essentially gave weapons and war supplies to countries fighting the axis powers