history exam 2023

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200 Terms

1
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fdr’s new deal consisted of what three r’s
reform, recovery, relief
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FDR’s new deal reform did what
it tried to prevent the problem from happening 
3
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FDR’s new deal recovery did what
it helped the economy recover by providing jobs 
4
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FDR’s new deal relief did what
gave people immediate help, didn't solve long term issues ex: money, food, stimulus checks 
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the history of court packing
the supreme court declared some of the agencies FDR made “unconstitutional” so FDR wanted to “pack” the court by adding democratic supreme courts so his agencies could pass

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what was court packing
for every judge over 70, the president could add a justice till the number reached 15
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did court packing ever happen
no, court packing never happened because the people FDR wanted out (so he could choose his own members of the supreme court that were democrats) just happen to resign/retire as he was trying to pass court packing.
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republicans thoughts about the government
make government small
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democrats thoughts about the government
make government big
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the three reasons for the dust bowl
overgrazing, overfarming, drought
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what caused overgrazing
they were too many animals in that area
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what caused overfarming
farmers realized they could make a lot of money selling wheat so many started doing that and there was no wheat/crops left
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how did the drought lead to the dust bowl
the grass couldn’t grow so dust formed and spreaded way easier than if there was grass on the ground
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where was the dust bowl located
kansas, panhandle of oklahoma, and parts of texas
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herbert hoover focused on this to better america during the great depression
volunteerism
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the FDIC was created for many reasons, one was to…
gain people's confidence in banks again
17
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which of the following best describes FDR's belief about how the united states government should interact with the united states economy and the citizens of the country
the federal government must concern itself with the people’s economic well being and help them when necessary
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in the 1930s, FDR changed the federal government’s role in the economy by spending more money than the government receives in revenue, this is called
deficit spending
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the supreme court declared some new deal laws unconstitutional, such as the NR, because these laws
overextended the power of the federal government by setting wages and price
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the following quote was given by a man in new york city, what is he describing?

“two or three blocks along times square, you'd see these men, silent, shuffling along in a line. getting this handout of coffee and doughnuts, dealt from great trucks...."
bread lines
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following is from the SSA (social security act)

"section 202. (a) Every qualified individual shall be entitled to receive.. . on the date he attains the age of sixty-five,... ending on the date of his death, an old-age benefit (pension). "

the major purpose of this section of federal legislation was to...
provide economic assistance to retired workers
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FDRs first act as president during his first 100 days was to make sure the american people could trust and have confidence in…
the banking system
23
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a cause of the great depression
agricultural overproduction
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a cause of the great depression
laissez-faire politics
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what was laissez-faire politics
minimum governmental interference in the economy of individuals and the society
26
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was the dust bowl a cause of the great depression
no the dust bowl wasn’t a cause of the great depression
27
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what was fdr’s second new deal also called
second 100 days
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fdr’s second new deal was focused on helping…
poor tenant farmers and sharecroppers
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the story of the bonus army ended with hoover…
telling the washington dc police force to peacefully remove the bonus army but the military used violence against the bonus army
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what was the bonus army
a gathering of 10,000 to 25,000 world war 1 veterans who with their wives and children converged on washington dc demanding immediate bonus payments for wartime services
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the purpose of the bonus army
to alleviate the economic hardship of the great depression
32
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black tuesday in american history is associated with
the stock market crash
33
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dorthea lange was hired by the government during the great depression to take pics of ppl struggling and became famous bc of her picture of…
the migrant workers
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when a person borrows money to buy stock that is known as…
buying on margin
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hoovervilles were…
named after hoover and were places where people who lost their homes and savings during the great depression lived
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hoovervilles were also known as…
shantytowns
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the main president during the great depression and the one that got america out was...
FDR
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the president when the great depression first started (and many ppl didnt like him bc they thought he didnt help enough) was…
herbert hoover
39
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one cause of the great depression was..
black tuesday
40
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what was tuesday october 29, 1929 when the stock market collapsed and led to the great depression taking place
black tuesday
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one cause of the great depression was..
bank failures
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one cause of the great depression was..
american citizens buying appliance through installment buying
43
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was created to control flooding, provided jobs, and generated hydroelectricity
tennesee valley authority
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agriculture adjustment act
this raised the price of crops by lowering the production of them
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works progress administration
this agency created more jobs than any other agency workers built roads and airports as well as working jobs in museums and theater (public work jobs)
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social security act
this agency is still around today and provides unemployment compensation as well as other benefits for americans
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federal deposit insurance corporation
this guaranteed peoples money would be insured up to $5000
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fair labor and standards act
this agency set a minimum wage and established how many hours people could work before they get paid for overtime
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civilian conservation corps
if you were male from the age of 18-25 and liked working outdoors in nature, then this agency was for you
50
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hoover said that individuals should succeed through their own efforts , therefore, the government should not overly involve itself in the economic lives of people or the nation in general. hoover called this idea…
rugged individualism
51
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the following is an example of which cause of the great depression

“between 1920 and 1929 the income of the wealthiest 1% of the population rose by 75% compared with an 9% increase for americans as a whole”
maldistribution of wealth
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which of the following causes signaled the begninning of the great depression
the crash of the stock market
53
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how was a japanese kamikaze plane different than a regular japanese zero fighter plane
a kamikaze plane was loaded full of bombs and gas tanks
54
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the cause of the montgomery bus boycott was…
rosa parks refused to give up her bus seat for a white person
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was the montgomery bus boycott effective
yes it led to bus lines desegregating
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what was the montgomery bus boycott
african americans refused to ride on bus lines and the bus lines lost a lot of money and customers
57
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the american strategy in pacific where heavily defended islands were avoided but islands that were considered strategic were taken is known as..
island hopping
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what was the watergate scandal
president nixons team (plumbers) bugged the democratic office and they were caught
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how did the watergate scandal end
nixons team lied about it and tried to cover it up but there was too much evidence against him so he resigned
60
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what was lyndon johnsons “the great society”
the great society was lyndon johnson's domestic plan to fight discrimination poverty and to help the environment (ex: the clean water act, clean air act,etc.)
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what caused world trade to fall off by more than 40% during the great depression
high tariffs
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what are tariffs
a tax on goods and services imported into a country
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where was the dust bowl
where was the dust bowl
B
64
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this image is an example of..
this image is an example of..
a migrant worker and their family
65
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the following political cartoon was drawn in reference to…
court packing
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this amendment cut the “lame duck” waiting period of the presidential inauguration from march 4 to jan 20
20th amendment
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is the works progress act still in existence ?
no the wpa is still in existence
68
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is the social security administration still in existence
yes the ssa is in existence
69
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is the federal deposit insurance corporation still in existence
yes the fdic is
70
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is the securities and exchange commission still in existence
yes the sec is
71
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speculation in the 1920s led many people to
buy stocks on margin
72
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a “bank run” happened when
people believed their local bank was going to run out of cash
73
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what best describes john steinbecks “the grapes of wrath”
fictional story of an “okie” (native of oklahoma) family who lost their farm to the dust bowl and greedy bankers, they moved to california only to find a life just as difficult
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what was a problem for the residents of the dust bowl
overpopulation of jackrabbits and grasshoppers
75
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what was a problem for the residents of the dust bowl
black blizzards
76
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what was a problem for the residents of the dust bowl
static electricity
77
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bataan
american and filipino troops forced to walk 65 miles in intense heat resulting in thousands of deaths
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761st tank battalion
all black servicemen in the army that played a key role in holding back hitlers army at the battle of the bulge
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battle of the bulge
germanys last ditch effort to break through the allied lines trying to cut off the allies supply line of oil/fuel
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d day
gave the allied powers a foothold in france to start its trek to liberate europe
81
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navajo code talkers
used by american forces in the pacific war so japanese couldn’t interpret intercepted messages
82
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tuskegee airmen
the first black servicemen to serve as military aviators in the american armed forces
83
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101st airborne
helped liberate nazi concentration camps and played a huge role in winning key battles such as battle of the bulge
84
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442nd combat team
second generation japanese american regiment that fought for the american forces in europe
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midway
after an american victory here, the japanese lost air superiority in the pacific and changed the favor of war to the american side
86
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wasps
an all-women unit that flew ameircan service planes during world war 2
87
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the meeting between winston churchill and franklin roosevelt that envisioned countries governing their relations with one another through a democratic process with and international organization solving disputes between countries was known as…
the atlantic charter
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winston churchill
fdrs (franklin roosevelt) main foreign ally who was a democratic prime minister
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ruben rivers
led the 761st but was killed at the battle of the bulge posthumously (after death) he received the medal of honor for his bravery
90
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harry s truman
the one that decided to drop the first and only atomic bombs ever used during a war
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douglass macarthur
commanding general for the united states in the fight against japan in the pacific theater
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rosie the riverter
worked in war factories and shipyards on the home front
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franklin roosevelt
president of the united states for almost the entirety of world war 2
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dwight d eisenhower
five star general in charge of the allied expeditionary forces in european theater
95
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joseph stalin
communist leader who joined the allies after being attacked by the nazis
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hideki tojo
military leader who took the emperors power away during the war
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benito mussolini
original fascists dictator who was known as the absolute leader
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americans involved with this were told to keep quiet about what they did at their job site…
the manhattan project
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what was the manhattan project
secret research/development undertaking during world war 2 that produced the first nuclear weapons
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lend lease act
united states policy that essentially gave weapons and war supplies to countries fighting the axis powers