Composition of Substances and Solutions

These vocabulary flashcards cover key terms related to the composition of substances and solutions, essential for understanding topics in chemistry.

Solution

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.

Solvent

The component of a solution present in the larger amount.

Solute

The component of a solution present in the smaller amount.

Electrolyte

A substance that dissociates into ions in solution and conducts electricity.

Strong Electrolyte

An electrolyte that completely dissociates into ions in solution.

Weak Electrolyte

An electrolyte that only partially dissociates into ions in solution.

Nonelectrolyte

A substance that does not produce ions in solution and does not conduct electricity.

Molarity (M)

The number of moles of a solute per liter of solution.

Mass Percent (m/m)

The mass of solute expressed as a percentage of the total mass of the solution.

Volume Percent (v/v)

The volume of solute expressed as a percentage of the total volume of the solution.

Dilution Equation

Mi x Vi = Mf x Vf, where Mi and Mf are initial and final molarities, and Vi and Vf are initial and final volumes.

Hydration

The process where water molecules surround ions in a solution.