ketvirta tema

Misbehavior (Dreikurs)

Purposeful behavior aimed at gaining social acceptance

Basic idea (Dreikurs)

All behavior is goal-directed and based on subjective perception

Subjective perception

Behavior is based on personal interpretation, not objective reality

Human nature (Dreikurs)

Humans are social beings seeking belonging

Cause of misbehavior

Failure to gain acceptance in a socially appropriate way

Main need of child

To belong and be accepted in a group

Fundament 1 (Dreikurs)

Humans are social beings motivated by belonging

Fundament 2 (Dreikurs)

All behavior has a purpose

Fundament 3 (Dreikurs)

Humans are decision-makers

Fundament 4 (Dreikurs)

Perception of reality may be mistaken

Discipline approach (Dreikurs)

Use encouragement and logical consequences instead of punishment

Encouragement

Focus on effort and improvement

Praise

Focus on achievement and external evaluation

Difference: encouragement vs praise

Effort-based vs achievement-based feedback

Effect of encouragement

Promotes persistence and internal motivation

Effect of praise

Promotes competition and dependence on external approval

Encouragement message

Between equals

Praise message

From superior to inferior

Encouragement outcome

Cooperation and helpfulness

Praise outcome

Competition and selfishness

Teacher strategy (encouragement)

Emphasize strengths and improvement

Teacher role (Dreikurs)

Democratic, supportive, encouraging independence

Punishment

External penalty not related to behavior

Logical consequence

Directly related outcome of behavior

Example: punishment

Stay after school for misbehavior

Example: logical consequence

Clean what you damaged

Goal of misbehavior

Attempt to gain status or belonging

Four goals of misbehavior

Attention, power, revenge, helplessness

Attention seeking

Behavior to gain recognition and attention

Belief (attention)

“I am important when noticed”

Power struggle

Behavior to control situation and oppose authority

Belief (power)

“I am important when I control others”

Revenge seeking

Behavior to hurt others due to feeling hurt

Belief (revenge)

“I feel hurt, so I hurt others”

Helplessness (inadequacy)

Giving up due to feeling incapable

Belief (helplessness)

“I can’t succeed, so I won’t try”

Teacher feeling (attention)

Annoyance

Teacher feeling (power)

Threatened or challenged

Teacher feeling (revenge)

Hurt

Teacher feeling (helplessness)

Hopeless or incapable

Goal identification rule

Teacher emotion indicates student goal

Attention strategy

Ignore minor behavior, redirect attention

Power strategy

Avoid power struggle, give controlled choices

Revenge strategy

Show empathy, avoid retaliation

Helplessness strategy

Build confidence and provide support

Attention techniques

Distract, involve student, recognize good behavior

Power techniques

Remove audience, apply consequences, time-out

Revenge techniques

Same as power but with emotional support

Helplessness techniques

Break tasks, build confidence, allow mistakes

Helplessness support

Teach step-by-step and provide encouragement