Applied Nutrition Final exam

What typically happens to dairy calf body weight in the first 2 weeks of life

Decreases

What is the primary cause of death in pre-weaned calves

Scours

Most dairy calf deaths happen within what time frame relative to being born

3 weeks

During what season is calf morbidity at its greatest

Winter

What happens to calf morbidity when fed whole milk versus a 20:20 milk replacer

Decreases

The signal for dairy cows to resume ovulation is typically when

They reach the nadir negative energy balance

During early lactation, what typically happens to daily milk production (and thus energy demands)

Milk production increases

What happens to profitability as cows spend more time in late lactation

Decreases

True or False: When feeding dairy cows, if they spend 2 weeks in the transition period, then they are less likely to develop ruminal acidosis

False

What happens to energy requirements of the dairy cow during late lactation in first calf heifers relative to those of multiparous cows

They decrease slowly

Which vitamin should be supplemented at greater than requirement concentrations prior to parturition in dairy cattle to reduce the incidence of mastitis and metritis

Vitamin E

Which of the following feeds naturally has a low DCAD

Brewer’s grains

When should cows be moved into transition pens prior to parturition

3 weeks

True or False: Dairy cows are prone to ketosis prior to parturition

False

Milk fever is associated with

Increased incidence of ketosis, metritis, and mastitis

Which mineral are sheep particularly prone to toxicities from

Cu

During what portion of the production phase are protein requirements the greatest

During lactation

Ewes are particularly prone to ketosis

During the last trimester of gestation

What is the term that means to feed a sheep extra prior to breeding to increase ovulation and hopefully the number of offspring that she will deliver

Flushing

Which of the following vitamins need to be supplemented to sheep during the winter when grazing dormant grasses

Vitamin E

Which agency is in charge of the use of the term “Naturally Raised”

Agricultural Marketing Service

During what portion of the production phase can ruminant mean and bone meal be fed in a conventional cattle operation

Never

When may you use antibiotics to treat mastitis in an Organic dairy operation

Never

Which food has the greatest concentration of estrogen-like compounds

Soybean oil

What percentage of a conventional beef animal’s life is in a confined environment, such as a feedlot pen

<30%

What type of fat must be limited to prevent physical problems (think about the squishy bacon example) in swine

Unsaturated fat

What is the phase of the swine life cycle immediately after the suckling stage, when you need to make sure that highly palatable diets are fed to prevent growth-check

Nursery

What happens to protein requirements as swine progress from the growing to finishing stage

Decreases

True or False: When swine are fed diets with antibiotic growth promoters, they are more effective as the animal matures and reaches the finishing phase

False

What is the effect of feeding B-agonists to finishing hogs

Protein deposition is increased and fat decreased

What should be the base feed for a cow

Forage

When are energy and protein demands greatest for a beef cow

During lactation

What happens to fiber digestion if the cow ingests too much corn

Decreases

True or False: When feeding beef cows, you can feed up to 6lbs of grain per day without affecting rumen pH if the animal is consuming the grain over a longer period

True

What happens to fiber digestion when range cows receive a supplement with urea

It increases

Which amino acid is a specific dietary requirement for cats, but not for dogs

Taurine

When selecting a dog food

Meat meal should be the first ingredient

What is a major concern for geriatric companion animals

Declining oral cavity health

True or False: Obesity is the greatest health concern with companion animals

True

What happens to digestive enzyme production when collagen is included in a canine diet

It increases

When cattle are started as calves in a feedlot, what should you expect relative to cattle started as yearlings

Calf feds will require more time in the feedlot and will produce a greater quality grade at the same weight

What is tylan used to control for

Liver abcesses

Can MGA be fed to steers

No

True or False: Colorado is the largest feedlot state

False

Which is the most popular bunk management system

Slick Bunk System

Which of the following impacts nutrient requirements of lactating cows

Size of cow, parity, body condition

True or False: Milk is the primary source of income on a dairy

True

When is the transition period in dairy cattle

3 weeks before and after parturition

If a cow is eating 50lbs of DM/day and she needs 10 lbs of protein, what should the percent CP of the ration be

20%

What is the minimum amount of effective fiber (remember the Penn State Box) that should be in a lactating dairy ration

10%

Which of the following is a symptom of subacute ruminal acidosis

Low milk fat test, Laminitis, Digestive upset