[INORGANIC CHEMISTRY] Oxide and Hydroxides

Proverbs 16:3

a. Calcium oxide (CaO)

Quick lime

a. Calcium oxide (CaO)
b. Magnesium oxide (MgO)
c. Zinc oxide (ZnO)
d. Zirconium oxide (ZrO)

a. Calcium oxide (CaO)

Burnt lime

a. Calcium oxide (CaO)
b. Magnesium oxide (MgO)
c. Zinc oxide (ZnO)
d. Zirconium oxide (ZrO)

a. Calcium oxide (CaO)

Also known as Apog or Calx:

a. Calcium oxide (CaO)
b. Magnesium oxide (MgO)
c. Zinc oxide (ZnO)
d. Zirconium oxide (ZrO)

a. Calcium oxide (CaO)

Which of the following is component of Bordeaux mixture?

a. Calcium oxide (CaO)
b. Magnesium oxide (MgO)
c. Zinc oxide (ZnO)
d. Zirconium oxide (ZrO)

b. Magnesium oxide, MgO

Also known as calcined magnesia which is used as antacid or laxative.

a. Calcium oxide (CaO)
b. Magnesium oxide (MgO)
c. Zinc oxide (ZnO)
d. Zirconium oxide (ZrO)

a. Antacid or laxative

Magnesium oxide (Calcined Magnesia) is used as _____

a. Antacid or laxative
b. Antiseptic or disinfectant
c. Emetic or cathartic
d. Antidote or preservative

c. Zinc oxide

Also known as:

• Zinc white

• Flowers of Zinc

a. Calcium oxide (CaO)
b. Magnesium oxide (MgO)
c. Zinc oxide (ZnO)
d. Zirconium oxide (ZrO)

c. Zinc oxide (ZnO)

Also known as Lassar’s Paste

a. Calcium oxide (CaO)
b. Magnesium oxide (MgO)
c. Zinc oxide (ZnO)
d. Zirconium oxide (ZrO)

c. Zinc oxide

Lassar's paste which is used as astringent, mild antiseptic, and topical protectant.

a. Zinc hydroxide

b. Zinc sulfate

c. Zinc oxide

d. Zinc phosphate

c. ZnO + Ferric oxide

Prepared calamine is an antipruritic which is combination of which of the following?

a. ZnO + Ferrous oxide

b. ZnOH + Ferrous oxide

c. ZnO + Ferric oxide

d. ZnOH + Ferric oxide

a. Antipruritic

Prepared Calamine (ZnO + Ferric oxide) is _____

a. Antipruritic
b. Antifungal
c. Antibacterial
d. Antiviral

a. Pink colorant

Prepared Calamine (ZnO + Ferric oxide) is a _____

a. Pink colorant
b. White colorant
c. Yellow colorant
d. Blue colorant

a. Antiperspirant

Zirconium oxide (ZrO) is an _____

a. Antiperspirant
b. Antacid
c. Antiseptic
d. Antidote

d. Zirconium oxide (ZrO)

Can also be used for Athlete's foot but is now not used as it can cause granuloma formation.

a. Calcium oxide (CaO)
b. Magnesium oxide (MgO)
c. Zinc oxide (ZnO)
d. Zirconium oxide (ZrO)

a. Lead (II) monoxide (PbO)

Also known as Litharge.

a. Lead (II) monoxide (PbO)
b. Aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃)
c. Mercuric oxide (HgO)
d. Arsenous oxide or arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃)

b. Astringent

Litharge is mainly used as _____

a. Laxative

b. Astringent

c. Antiperspirant

d. Expectorant

b. Aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃)

Alumina

a. Lead (II) monoxide (PbO)
b. Aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃)
c. Mercuric oxide (HgO)
d. Arsenous oxide or arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃)3

a. Adsorbent

Aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) is mainly used as _____

a. Adsorbent
b. Antacid
c. Emulsifier
d. Preservative

a. Yellow precipitate

Mercuric oxide (HgO) is a _____

a. Yellow precipitate
b. White precipitate
c. Red precipitate
d. Black precipitate

c. Mercuric oxide (HgO)

Yellow precipitate which is used as an ophthalmic anti-infective.

a. Mercuric ammonium chloride (HgNH₂Cl)
b. Mercuric chloride (HgCl₂)
c. Mercuric oxide (HgO)
d. Mercuric iodide (HgI₂)

c. Mercuric oxide (HgO)

Used as an ophthalmic anti-infective.

a. Mercuric ammonium chloride (HgNH₂Cl)
b. Mercuric chloride (HgCl₂)
c. Mercuric oxide (HgO)
d. Mercuric iodide (HgI₂)

d. Arsenous oxide or arsenic trioxide, As2O3

Arsenicum album (White arsenic)

a. Lead (II) monoxide (PbO)
b. Aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃)
c. Mercuric oxide (HgO)
d. Arsenous oxide / Arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃)

e. All

• Arsenous oxide

• Arsenic trioxide

• Aluminum oxide

Ampotheric substance:

a. Arsenous oxide

b. Arsenic trioxide

c. Aluminum oxide

d. a and b

e. All

d. Arsenous oxide / Arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃)

Wood preservative used as insecticide.

a. Lead (II) monoxide (PbO)
b. Aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃)
c. Mercuric oxide (HgO)
d. Arsenous oxide / Arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃)

d. Arsenous oxide / Arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃)

Primary standard in titrimetric analysis.

a. Lead (II) monoxide (PbO)
b. Aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃)
c. Mercuric oxide (HgO)
d. Arsenous oxide / Arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃)

a. Trisenox (Arsenous oxide / Arsenic trioxide, As₂O₃)

______ is used when patient is not responsive to 1st line drugs for Leukemia

a. Trisenox
b. Tracleer
c. Taxol
d. Treanda

b. Leukemia

Trisenox is used when patient is not responsive to 1st line drugs for what condition?

a. Anemia

b. Leukemia

c. Skin disease

d. Gastric ulcer

e. None

True about N2O except:

a. Nitrous oxide or dinitrogen monoxide

b. Laughing gas

c. Used as inhalatory dental anesthetic

d. Has side effect of diffusion hypoxia

e. None

a. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)

• Dinitrogen Monoxide

• Laughing gas.

a. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
b. Nitric oxide (NO)
c. Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂)
d. Nitrate (NO₃)

a. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)

Weakest but safest inhalatory dental anesthetic.

a. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
b. Nitric oxide (NO)
c. Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂)
d. Nitrate (NO₃)

d. a and b

📌Nitrous oxide (N₂O) as the weakest but safest inhalatory dental anesthetic has:

• Low potency

• High minimum alveolar complex (MAC)

• HAS NO muscle relaxant effect

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) as the weakest but safest inhalatory dental anesthetic has:

a. Low potency

b. High minimum alveolar complex (MAC)

c. Muscle relaxant effect

d. a and b

e. All

a. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)

Which of the following has side effect of diffusion hypoxia?

a. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
b. Nitric oxide (NO)
c. Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂)
d. Nitrate (NO₃)

a. Diffusion hypoxia

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) has a side effect of _____

a. Diffusion hypoxia
b. Hepatotoxicity
c. Nephrotoxicity
d. Cardiotoxicity

b. Nitric oxide / Nitrogen monoxide (NO)

Vasodilator and used as muscle relaxant.

a. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
b. Nitric oxide (NO)
c. Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂)
d. Nitrate (NO₃)

a. Vasodilator and muscle relaxant

Nitric oxide / Nitrogen monoxide (NO) is used as _____

a. Vasodilator and muscle relaxant
b. Anticoagulant and antiplatelet
c. Bronchoconstrictor and vasopressor
d. Anesthetic and analgesic

c. Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂)

Smog or air pollutant.

a. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
b. Nitric oxide (NO)
c. Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂)
d. Nitrate (NO₃)

a. Nitrometer

Used in measuring pollutant in air

a. Nitrometer

b. Polarimeter

c. Potentiometer

d. Carbometer

c. Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂)

Which is an oxidizing agent?

a. Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
b. Nitric oxide (NO)
c. Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂)
d. Nitrate (NO₃)

a. Carbon monoxide (CO)

Colorless, odorless, tasteless gas.

a. Carbon monoxide (CO)
b. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
c. Oxygen (O₂)
d. Nitrogen (N₂)

a. Carbon monoxide (CO)

Systemic poison which has 210-220x higher affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen.

a. Carbon monoxide (CO)
b. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
c. Oxygen (O₂)
d. Nitrogen (N₂)

a. Carbon monoxide (CO)

Its poisoning may cause hypoxia, asphyxia, or death which lead to cherry red blood.

a. Carbon monoxide (CO)
b. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
c. Oxygen (O₂)
d. Nitrogen (N₂)

e. All of the above

• Hyperbaric O₂

• Artificial air

• CO₂ - O₂ mixture

Treatment for CO poisoning.

a. Hyperbaric O₂
b. Artificial air (80% He + 20% O2)
c. CO₂ - O₂ mixture
d. a and b

e. All of the above

a. 80% He + 20% O₂

Artificial Air.

a. 80% He + 20% O₂
b. 80% N₂ + 20% O₂
c. 80% Ar + 20% O₂
d. 80% CO₂ + 20% O₂

a. 100%, pressurized at 2-3 atm

Hyperbaric oxygen for treatment of CO poisoning should be:

a. 100%, pressurized at 2-3 atm

b. 95%, pressurized at 2-3 atm

c. 100%, pressurized at 3-5 atm

d. 95%, pressurized at 3-5 atm

b. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

Carbonic acid gas.

a. Carbon monoxide (CO)
b. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
c. Dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl₂F₂)
d. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂)

b. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

Most potent respiratory stimulant.

a. Carbon monoxide (CO)
b. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
c. Dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl₂F₂)
d. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂)

b. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

DOC persistent hiccups

a. Carbon monoxide (CO)
b. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
c. Dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl₂F₂)
d. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂)

b. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

DOC for hyperventilation syndrome

a. Carbon monoxide (CO)
b. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
c. Dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl₂F₂)
d. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂)

a. Dry ice

Solid form of Carbon dioxide (CO₂).

a. Dry ice
b. Carbogen
c. Freon
d. Lime water

a. Dry ice

Used as a refrigerant and treatment for acne,warts,corn,and eczema

a. Dry ice
b. Carbogen
c. Freon
d. Lime water

c. Dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl₂F₂) / Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)

Freon

a. Carbon monoxide (CO)
b. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
c. Dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl₂F₂)
d. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂)

c. Dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl₂F₂)

Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) is also known as:

a. Carbon monoxide (CO)
b. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
c. Dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl₂F₂)
d. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂)

c. Dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl₂F₂) / Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)

Used as refrigerant and aerosol propellant

a. Carbon monoxide (CO)
b. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
c. Dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl₂F₂)
d. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂)

c. Dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl₂F₂) / Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)

Implicated in ozone layer depletion (due to greenhouse gas).

a. Carbon monoxide (CO)
b. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
c. Dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl₂F₂)
d. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂)

d. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂)

Solar ray protectant with high refractive index.

a. Carbon monoxide (CO)
b. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
c. Dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl₂F₂)
d. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂)

a. True

ZnO is also a solar ray protectant with high refractive index.

a. True

b. False

e. None

• Provides white background for easy visibility

• Used in pilocarpine Ocusert system

• Used in white capsule production

• Has white pigment which has high coverage area

True about titanium dioxide being opacifying agent except:

a. Provides white background for easy visibility

b. Used in pilocarpine Ocusert system

c. Used in white capsule production

d. Has white pigment which has high coverage area

e. None

d. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂)

Opacifying agent used in pilocarpine Ocusert system

a. Carbon monoxide (CO)
b. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
c. Dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl₂F₂)
d. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂)

d. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂)

Opacifying agent used in white capsule production.

a. Carbon monoxide (CO)
b. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
c. Dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl₂F₂)
d. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂)

d. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂)

Has white pigment which has high coverage area

a. Carbon monoxide (CO)
b. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
c. Dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl₂F₂)
d. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂)

e. All of the above

Silicon dioxide:

a. Silica

b. Inert solid

c. Glidant

d. a and b

e. All

a. Silicon dioxide (SiO₂) - Silica

Inert solid used as a glidant.

a. Silicon dioxide (SiO₂) - Silica
b. Purified siliceous earth
c. Talc
d. Magnesium stearate

a. Silica gel

______ is obtained from the hydrolysis of orthosilicates.

a. Silica gel
b. Purified siliceous earth
c. Talc
d. Kaolin

a. Silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Silica gel and Purified Siliceous Earth is from:

a. Silicon dioxide (SiO₂)
b. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
c. Uranium dioxide (UO₂)
d. Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)

f. All - All are synonyms

Silica purified by calcining (application of heat).

a. Purified siliceous earth

b. Fullers earth

c. Diatomaceous earth

d. Kielseguhr

e. Celite

f. All

f. All

• Adsorbent

• Filtering aid

• Clarifying agent

Uses of Purified siliceous / Fuller's / Diatomaceous earth (Kielseguhr, Celite)

a. Adsorbent

b. Filtering aid

c. Clarifying agent

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

e. All

Celite is also known as:

a. Purified siliceous earth

b. Fullers earth

c. Diatomaceous earth

d. Kielseguhr

e. All

b. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)

Acid anhydride of sulfurous acid

a. Silicon dioxide (SiO₂)
b. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
c. Uranium dioxide (UO₂)
d. Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)

b. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)

Used as fumigant, antioxidant, and preservative

a. Silicon dioxide (SiO₂)
b. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
c. Uranium dioxide (UO₂)
d. Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)

c. Uranium dioxide (UO₂)

Also known as Uranite or Pitchblende.

a. Uranium trioxide (UO₃)
b. Uranium hydroxide (UOH)
c. Uranium dioxide (UO₂)
d. Uranium monoxide (UO

d. Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)

Also known as Oxygenated acid in water or Agua oxenada.

a. Silicon dioxide (SiO₂)
b. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
c. Uranium dioxide (UO₂)
d. Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)

a. Oxygenated acid / water

Hydrogen Peroxide is also known as Agua Oxenada which means _____

a. Oxygenated acid / water
b. Oxidized mercury
c. Hydrogen dioxide water
d. Peroxide solution

a. Oxidant

Hydrogen Peroxide (H₂O₂) is classified as an _____

a. Oxidant
b. Reductant
c. Alkalinizing agent
d. Emulsifying agent

d. Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)

An oxidant used for treatment of Vincent stomatitis (severe form of stomatitis) as mouthwash.

a. Silicon dioxide (SiO₂)
b. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
c. Uranium dioxide (UO₂)
d. Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)

a. Hairy tongue

Hydrogen Peroxide (H₂O₂) used as mouthwash may cause _____

a. Hairy tongue
b. Black tongue
c. Oral thrush
d. Mucosal erosion

a. 3% w/v = 10 volume solution H2O2

The concentration of H₂O₂ topical solution (USP) used as an antiseptic (oxidizing germicide) is _____

a. 3% w/v = 10 volume solution H2O2

b. 6% w/v = 20 volume solution H2O2

c. 9% w/v = 30 volume solution H2O2

a. 0.03% acetanilide and H₃PO₄

The stabilizer(s) in 3% w/v H₂O₂ topical solution (USP) are _____

a. 0.03% acetanilide and H₃PO₄
b. 0.1% sodium benzoate and citric acid
c. 0.5% phenol and glycerin
d. 0.01% mercuric chloride and NaCl

a. 3% w/v = 10 volume solution H2O2

Antiseptic (oxidizing germicide).

a. 3% w/v = 10 volume solution H2O2

b. 6% w/v = 20 volume solution H2O2

c. 9% w/v = 30 volume solution H2O2

b. 6% w/v = 20 volume solution H2O2

Used as hair bleach.

a. 3% w/v = 10 volume solution H2O2

b. 6% w/v = 20 volume solution H2O2

c. 9% w/v = 30 volume solution H2O2

c. 9% w/v = 30 volume solution H2O2

Hydrogen peroxide concertation (USP) used as refrigerant and disinfectant.

a. 3% w/v = 10 volume solution H2O2

b. 6% w/v = 20 volume solution H2O2

c. 9% w/v = 30 volume solution H2O2

a. Zinc peroxide (ZnO₂)

Release of nascent oxygen provides its powerful oxidizing action which is antiseptic.

a. Zinc peroxide (ZnO₂)
b. Stannous oxide (SnO)
c. Stannic oxide (SnO₂)
d. Carbamide peroxide / Urea peroxide ((NH₂)₂CO • H₂O₂)
e. a and b
f. b and c

c. Both a and b

• Stannous peroxide (SnO)

• Stannic oxide (SnO₂))

Germicide against staphylococcal infections.

a. Stannous peroxide (SnO)
b. Stannic oxide (SnO₂)
c. Both a and b
d. Neither a nor b

c. SnO2

Stannic oxide

a. SbO

b. SnO

c. SnO2

d. SbO2

b. SnO

Stannous peroxide

a. SbO

b. SnO

c. SnO2

d. SbO2

d. Carbamide peroxide / Urea peroxide ((NH₂)₂CO • H₂O₂)

Urea peroxide topical solution that is most preferred for oral and ear infections.

a. Zinc peroxide (ZnO₂)
b. Stannous oxide (SnO)
c. Stannic oxide (SnO₂)
d. Carbamide peroxide / Urea peroxide ((NH₂)₂CO • H₂O₂)
e. a and b
f. b and c

d. None

• Cuastic soda

• Lye Soda

• Sosa

Sodium hydroxide is also known as the following except:

a. Caustic soda

b. Lye Soda

c. Sosa

d. None

a. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

Also known as lye or sosa.

a. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
b. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
c. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)
d. Calcium hydroxide + Sodium/Potassium hydroxide

a. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

Used in the manufacture of hard soap

a. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
b. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
c. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)
d. Calcium hydroxide + Sodium/Potassium hydroxide

a. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

Has pharmaceutical necessity in glycerin suppositories preparation.

a. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
b. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
c. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)
d. Calcium hydroxide + Sodium/Potassium hydroxide

a. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH

More soluble in water than KOH

a. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
b. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
c. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)
d. Calcium hydroxide + Sodium/Potassium hydroxide

b. False - NaOH is MORE soluble in water than KOH.

NaOH is less soluble in water than KOH.

a. True

b. False

b. KOH - Potassium hydroxide

Also known as:

• Caustic potash

• Lye potash.

a. NaOH

b. KOH

c. Ca(OH)2

d. Ca(OH)2 + Na/K hydroxide

b. KOH

Used in the manufacture of soft soap.

a. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
b. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
c. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)
d. Calcium hydroxide + Sodium/Potassium hydroxide

f. None

Similarities of NaOH and KOH:

a) Strong base - caustic

b) Very deliquescent - readily absorb water and liquefies

c) Readily attack glass - etching

d) Alkalinizing agent - to form Na/K salts of various drugs

e) VS for Aqueous alkalimetry

Similarities of NaOH and KOH except:

a. Strong base

b. Very deliquescent

c. Readily attack glass

d. Alkalinizing agent

e. VS for Aqueous alkalimetry

f. None

b. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)

Classified as a Strong bas (caustic)

a. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
b. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
c. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)
d. Calcium hydroxide + Sodium/Potassium hydroxide

b. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)

Very deliquescent, meaning it readily absorb water and liquefies

a. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
b. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
c. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)
d. Calcium hydroxide + Sodium/Potassium hydroxide

b. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)

Readily attacks glass (etching)

a. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
b. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
c. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)
d. Calcium hydroxide + Sodium/Potassium hydroxide

b. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)

Used as an alkalanizing agent to form Na/K salts of various drugs

a. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
b. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
c. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)
d. Calcium hydroxide + Sodium/Potassium hydroxide

b. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)

Used as a saponifying agent in soap manufacturing

a. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
b. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
c. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)
d. Calcium hydroxide + Sodium/Potassium hydroxide

b. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)

Used as VS (Volumetric Solution) for aqueous alkalimetry

a. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
b. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
c. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)
d. Calcium hydroxide + Sodium/Potassium hydroxide