Nomenclature

define empirical formula

the smallest whole number ration of atoms of each element in a compound

define molecular formula

the actual number of atoms of each element in a compound

define general formula

the condensed formula

define structural formula

the arrangement of atons in the molecule of a compound.

no bonds are shown

define displayed formula

a type of structural isomer that shows all the bonds between every atom

define skeletal formula

the representation of an organic compound which lines represent the carbon chain

give the molecular formula of butane

C4H8

give the empirical formula of butane

CH4

give the general formula of butane

CH3CH2CH2CH3

Give the skeletal formula of butane

give the structural formula of butane

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3

define homologous series

molecules with the same functionl groups but different carbon chain lengths

give the functional group

ALCOHOL

give the functional group

ALDEHYDE

give the functional group

KETONE

give the functional group

CARBOXYLIC ACID

give the functional group

ESTER

give the functional group

AMINE

give the functional group

AMIDE

give the functional group

ALKENE

give the functional group

ACYLCHLORIDE

give the formula to work out the percentage by mass of an element in a compound

give the percentage mass of Oxygen in Ca(NO₃)₂

58.5%

give the Mr of Iron(III) carbonate

Fe₂(CO₃)₂