DNA cloning

What is the process of creating many identical copies of DNA inside a cell?

DNA cloning

DNA with __________ of interest is transferred into a host cell where it is cloned many times

Specific sequences

What is recombinant DNA ?

Molecules that contain two different DNA sources

What are small circular DNA molecules replicated independent from the organism’s genome is:

Bacterial Plasmids

What is a form of recombinant DNA that carry the foreign DNA into a host cell to be replicated?

Cloning vector

2 general steps in DNA cloning:

1. Making the recombinant DNA

2. Transforming the recombinant DNA

What are the steps to creating Recombinant DNA ?

• Restriction enzymes to cut DNA

• Ligase enzymes to paste DNA

What is the enzymatic function of restriction enzymes?

To cleave DNA at specific sequences

Specific sequence of DNA where restriction enzymes bind & cut the DNA

Restriction Site

Sticky ends are :

A single stranded DNA overhang

What causes sticky ends?

They are produced from a restriction digestion reaction

The single stranded ends of DNA molecules can be joined together by:

DNA ligase

True of false: Can DNA fragments cut by different restriction enzymes be ligated back together

False ( Only same )

The process of using DNA from one organism to alter the characteristics of another is called

Transformation

An organism which has foreign genes incorporated into its genomes is known as :

Transgenic organisms

Human insulin protein is expressed & purified in large amounts using transgenic E. Coli. What is this an example of ?

DNA cloning in medicine