OST review

❐ Articles of Confederation

The Articles of Confederation served as the first constitution for the United States, ratified in 1781. They established a confederation of sovereign states with a weak central government, which lacked the power to tax or regulate commerce effectively. This system proved inadequate in addressing economic and political challenges, leading to issues like interstate trade disputes and inability to raise funds. The Articles were ultimately replaced by the current U.S. Constitution in 1789, which created a stronger federal government.

What did the U.S. Constitution fix from the Articles of Confederation?

The U.S. Constitution addressed key issues in the Articles of Confederation by:

1. Stronger Central Government: Providing federal authority to tax and regulate commerce.

2. Bicameral Legislature: Establishing a two-house Congress for better representation.

3. Executive Branch: Creating a President to enforce laws and provide leadership.

4. Judicial Branch: Forming a federal judiciary to interpret laws.

5. Checks and Balances: Implementing measures to prevent any branch from gaining too much power.

Articles of the Constitution

A proposed document detailing the fundamental laws governing the United States, which emerged to address the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation. This was subsequently replaced by the U.S. Constitution to create a more effective federal government.

Federalism

A system of government where power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units, allowing both to govern concurrently and maintain sovereignty.

Limited Goverment

A governing principle that restricts governmental power over citizens, ensuring individual liberties and rights are protected.

Rule of Law

The principle that all individuals and institutions are subject to and accountable to the law, which is fairly applied and enforced. It ensures that laws are clear, publicized, and stable, protecting fundamental rights.