BSCI201 Lab: Muscles

(Origin, insertion, and action)

Frontal belly

Epicranial aponeurosis, eyebrow skin, raises eyebrows

Occipital belly

Occipital bone, epicranial aponeurosis, pulls scalp posteriorly

Orbicularis oculi

Frontal bone, eyelid, closes the eye

Zygomaticus major

Zygomatic bone, tissue at angle of mouth, raises angle of mouth

Zygomaticus minor

Zygomatic bone, tissue at angle of mouth, raises angle of mouth

Orbicularis oris

Maxilla, lips, compresses lips

Buccinator

Maxilla, orbicularis oris, compresses cheek

Masseter

Zygomatic bone, mandible, jaw closure

Temporalis

temporal bone, mandible, jaw closure

Platysma

Chest fascia, mandible, tenses skin of neck

Sternocleiomastoid

clavicle, mastoid process of temporal bone, neck flexion

Pectoralis major

clavicle, humerus, arm flexion

Pectoralis minor

Ribs, coracoid process of scapula, inferior scapular movement

Serratus anterior

Ribs, scapula, adduction of scapula

Deltoid

Clavicle, deltoid tuberosity of humerus, abduction of arm

External intercostals

Inferior border of rib above, superior border of rib below, pulls ribs together to elevate

Internal intercostals

superior border of rib below, inferior border of rib above, draw ribs together to depress

Diaphragm

sternum, central tendon, inspiration

Rectus abdominis

pubic bone, xiphoid process of sternum, rotates vertebral column

External obliques

ribs, pubic bone, compresses abdominal wall

Internal obliques

ilium, pubic bone, compresses the abdominal wall

Transversus abdominis

ilium, pubic bone, compresses abdominal contents

Trapezius

all thoracic vertebrae, acromion of scapula, adducts scapula

Latissimus dorsi

spinous process of lumbar vertebrae, humerus, arm extension

Infraspinatus

scapula, greater tubercle of humerus, lateral arm rotation

Teres minor

scapula, greater tubercle of humerus, lateral arm rotation

Supraspinatus

scapula, greater tubercle of humerus, initiates arm abduction

Teres major

Scapula, humerus, adducts arm

Rhomboids major

Spinous process T2-T5, scapula, stabilize scapula

Rhomboid minor

Spinous process of C7-T1, medial scapula, stabilize scapula

Triceps brachii

Glenoid cavity of scapula, olecranon of ulna, extension of forearm

Biceps brachii

glenoid cavity of scapula, radial tuberosity, flexion of forearm

Brachioradialis

humerus, radial styloid process, forearm flexion synergist

Brachialis

humerus, coronoid process of ulna, flexor of forearm

Pronator teres

medial epicondyle of humerus, radius, pronate forearm

Flexor carpi radialis

medial epicondyle of humerus, metacarpals, abductor of hand

Palmaris longus

medial epicondyle of humerus, skin of palm, tense skin of palm

Flexor carpi ulnaris

medial epicondyle of humerus, carpals, adducts hand

Extensor carpi radialis longus

humerus, metacarpals, abducts hand

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

lateral epicondyle of humerus, metacarpals, abducts hand

Supinator

lateral epicondyle of humerus, radius, supinate the forearm

Extensor digitorum

lateral epicondyle of humerus, phalanges, finger extension

Extensor carpi ulnaris

lateral epicondyle of humerus, metacarpals, adducts hand

Iliopsoas

ilium, lesser trochanter of femur, flex thigh

Sartorius

ilium, tibia, flex thigh

Adductor magnus

ischium, linea aspera of femur, flex thigh

Gracilis

Pubis, medial condyle of tibia, flex leg

Rectus femoris

ilium, tibial tuberosity, flex thigh

Vastus lateralis

greater trochanter of femur, tibial tuberosity, extends leg

Vastus medialis

linea aspera of femur, tibial tuberosity, extends leg

Vastus intermedius

femur, tibial tuberosity, extends leg

Tensor fasciae latae

ilium, iliotibial tract, steady trunk

Biceps femoris

ischium, lateral condyle of tibia, extends thigh

Semitendinosus

ischium, tibia, extends thigh

Semimembranosus

ischium, medial condyle of tibia, extends thigh

Gluteus maximus

ilium, femur, powerful thigh extensor

Gluteus medius

ilium, greater trochanter of femur, abducts thigh

Tibialis anterior

lateral condyle of tibia, tarsals, dorsiflexion

Extensor digitorum longus

fibula, phalanges of foot, prime mover of toe extension

Gastrocnemius

medial condyles of femur, calcaneus, plantar flexes foot

Soleus

tibia, calcaneus, plantar flexion

Popliteus

lateral condyle of femur, tibia, rotate leg medially

Tibialis posterior

tibia, tarsals, prime mover of foot inversion

Flexor digitorum longus

tibia, phalanges of foot, flexes toes