Abnormal Psych Final (Disorders only)

Personality disorders

inflexible and maladaptive personaltiy characteristics that impair functioning

Paranoid personality disorder

individuals distrustful of others, reluctant to confide, and can be hostile

Schizoid personality disorder

individuals who do not enjoy or desire social relationships

Schizotypal

individuals who struggle with interpersonal relationships, tend to be suspicious, and have eccentric behaviors

Anti-social personaility disorder

individuals with a disregard for social norms, impulsivity, irritability, recklessness, deceitfulness, and a lack of remorse

Borderline personality disorder

individuals with a marked impulsivity and instability in relationships, moods, and self image, and often engage in parasuicidal acts

Histrionic personality disorder

individuals with extravagant emotional displays and attention-seeking behaviors

Narcissistic personality disorder

individuals with a grandiose view of themselves and value their needs/wants/desires highly above others

Avoidant personality disorder

individuals highly sensitive to rejection, criticism, or disapproval, and believe themselves to be incompetent or inferior to others

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

individuals with severe levels of perfectionism

Dependent personality disorder

individuals with a marked lack of self-confidence/autonomy and an intense need to be taken care of by others

Alcohol use disorder

patterns of excessive alcohol use that lead to impairment in physical, psychologicial, social, and occupational functioning

Gender dysphoria/transexualism

sense of gender does not match sex causing significant distress or impairment

Paraphilias

disorders that involve sexual attraction to unusual objects or sexual activities unusual in nature

Fetishism

reliance on inanimate objects, or body parts for sexual arousal

Tranvestic fetishism

seuxally aroused by dressing in clothing of the opposite sex

Pedophilia

sexual arousal/gratification with prepubescent children

Voyeurism

sexual arousal/gratifciation by watching others undress or have sexual relations

Exhibitionism

sexual arousal/gratification by exposing one’s genitals to an unwilling stranger

Frotteurism

sexual arousal/gratification by sexually oriented touching of an unsuspecting person

Sadism

sexual arousal/gratification by inflicting pain or humiliation on another

Masochism

sexual arousal/gratification by subjecting oneself to pain or humiliation

Female sexual interest/arousal disorder

reduction or absence of sexual activity, interest, and/or arousal

Male erectile disorder

consistent failure to attain or maintain an erection

Genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder

persistent difficulty with vaginal penetration

Female orgasmic disorder

absence of ogasm after period of normal sexual excitement

Male orgasmic disorder

delay or difficulty in orgasm and ejaculation

Anorexia Nervosa

refusal to maintain normal body weight, intense fear of weight gain and distorted sense of body weight/shape

Bulimia nervosa

rapid consumption of large amounts of food followed by compensatory behaviors (vomiting, fasting, excessive exercise)

Binge-eating disorder

overeating leading to feelings of a lack of control, distress, discomfort, embarrassment, disgust, depression, and guilt

Illness anxiety disorder (hypochondriasis)

high levels of anxiety about health and preoccupation with fears of having or getting serious illness

Somatic symptoms disorder

one or more body complaints that cause distress or disrupt daily life including persistent and disproportionate thoughts about symptoms, high levels of anxiety about health, and excessive time/energy focused on symptoms

Conversion disorder

loss of sensory or motor function that suggest an illness related to neurological damage, but have no identifiable physiological abnormality (vision or paralysis)

Body dysmorphic disorder

preoccupation with an imagined/exaggerated defect in appearance

Dissociative disorders

changes in a person’s sense of identity, memory, or consciousness

Depersonalization-derealization disorder

Individual with marked depersonalization and derealization symptoms

Depersonalization

experience of unreality/detachment or being outside one’s thoughts, feelings, sensations, and/or body

Derealization

experiences of unreality/detachment with respect to surroundings (dreamlike experience)

Dissociative Amnesia

occurring after a traumatic or stressful experience, an individual unable to recall important personal information

Dissociative fugue

extensive memory loss for personal information followed by an unexpected trip or new identity in response to severe stress

Dissociative identity disorder (multiple personality disorder)

development of several new identities, all coexisting in one body, in addition to gaps in memory

Schizophrenia

Psychotic disorder characterized by major disturbances in thoughts, emotion, and behavior

Schizophreniform

psychotic symptoms persisting for less than 6 months

Schizoaffective

mixed major depression and schizophrenia

Delusional disorder

an individual with one or more persistent false beliefs, despite contrary evidence without psychotic symptoms

Major depressive episodes

1. Depressed mood

2. Diminished pleasure or interest

3. Weight loss/gain

4. Sleep disturbances

5. Psychomotor agitation/retardation

6. Fatigue/loss of energy

7. Worthlessness/excessive guilt

8. Difficulty thinking/concentrating

9. Suicidal thoughts

Manic episode

1. Inflated self-esteem/grandiosity

2. Decreased need for sleep

3. More talkative than usual

4. Flight of ideas (rapidly changing topics)

5. Distractibility

6. Increased goal-directed activity

7. Excessive involvement in pleasure activities with high potential for painful consequences

8. Pressured speech (rapid continuous speech)

Dysphoric manic episode

experiencing a manic episode with anxiety and depression

Hypomanic episodes

more minimal level of manic episode

Major depressive disorder (single and recurrent)

individual with one or more major depressive episodes

Persistent depressive disorder (Dysthymia)

chronic depressed mood more than 2 years; symptoms less intense but more chronic

Double depression

Dysthymia paired with major depressive episode

Bipolar I disorder

occurence of one or more manic episodes, often with one or more major depressive episodes

Bipolar II Disorder

occurence of at least one major depression episode and at least one or more hypomanic episodes

Cyclothymic disorder

chronic fluctuating mood problems involving both hypomanic and depressive symptoms

Baby blues

temporary common mood swings of sadness, anxiety, and irritability experienced after childbirth

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

chronic, uncontrollable worry about all manner of things that are disproportionate to reality, in addition to difficulty concentrating, fatigue, restlessness, irritability, sleep disturbance, and muscle tension

Specific Phobia

irrational fear of a specific object or situation that interferes with an individual’s functioning where the fear may be excessive, unreasonable, endured with marked distress, avoided, and/or interferes significantly with daily life

Panic disorder

Recurrent and unexpected panic attacks, often followed by concern over having panic attacks, worry about implications, changes in behavior (avoidance)

Agoraphobia

significant fear/anxiety about 2 or more situations which can include public transportation, open spaces, enclosed spaces, standing in line/crowd, being outside the home that causes avoidance and significant impairment/distress

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

recurring uncontrollable/unwanted thoughts or urges and repetitive behaviors or mental acts that an individual feels driven to do in response to those thoughts

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

extreme response to a severe stressor which can include rape, war, abuse, and/or natural disaster

Dyssomnias

problems in getting to sleep or obtaining sufficient quality sleep

Insomnia disorder

condition in which insufficient sleep interferes with normal functioning

primary insomnia

difficulty initiating, maintaining, or gaining sleep

Hypersomnolence disorder

sleep dysfunction involving an excessive amount of sleep that disrupts normal functioning

Hypersomnia

abnormally excessive sleep where a person will fall asleep several times a day

Narcolepsy

sleep disorder involving sudden and irresistible sleep attacks

Circadian rhythm sleep disorder

sleep disturbances resulting in sleepiness or insomnia, caused by the body’s inability to synchronize its sleep patterns with current pattern of day/night

Parasomnia

abnormal behaviors such as nightmares or sleepwalking that occur during sleep

Nocturnal eating disorder

when individuals rise from their beds and eat while they are still asleep

Sexsomnia

acting our sexual behaviors with not memory of the event

Malingering

faking bad for secondary gain

Factitious disorder

faking bad with no clear secondary gain

Munchausen syndrome (on self or another)

faking bad to get attention or sympathy from others

Dopamine

Turns on various brain circuits and affects coordination