ch 15 lipids

Saturated fatty acids

Fatty acids that have higher melting points compared to unsaturated fatty acids.

Trans unsaturated fatty acids

Unsaturated fatty acids that have higher melting points.

Triacylglycerols

Lipids that contain glycerol.

Glycerophospholipids

Lipids that contain glycerol and phosphate.

Glycerophospholipids

Lipids that contain phosphate.

Sphingomyelins

Lipids that contain phosphate.

Cholesterol

A type of steroid.

Hormones

Chemical messengers, often described as steroids.

Cholesterol is mainly in the esterified form with fatty acids in blood.

True

Lipoproteins transport only cholesterol through the bloodstream.

False

Triacylglycerols, Phospholipids, Steroids

Lipids that mostly comprise lipoproteins.

Lipoproteins create a hydrophilic interior space for solubilizing lipid payloads.

False

Phosphate heads

The polar part of phospholipids.

Phosphate heads

The part of phospholipids that face outward in lipoproteins.

High-density cholesterol (HDL)

Considered good cholesterol.

Low-density cholesterol (LDL) lipoproteins

Larger and contain fewer proteins than HDL.

Lipoproteins are comprised of lipid bilayers.

False

Lipoprotein lipid monolayers contain free cholesterol.

True

Cell membranes are comprised of lipid monolayers.

False

Cell membranes function as a barrier between the cytosol and extracellular fluid.

True

Cell membranes are composed primarily of triacylglycerols.

False

Cell membranes contain free cholesterol to make them more fluid.

True

Cell membranes contain DNA and RNA.

False

Cell membranes contain carbohydrates on their surface.

True

Cell membranes contain proteins.

True

Some cell membrane proteins are used to transport molecules across the membrane.

True

Active transport across a membrane moves molecules from high to low concentration.

False

Passive transport across a membrane moves molecules from high to low concentration.

True

Diffusion across a cell membrane only occurs for large molecules.

False

Facilitated transport across a membrane utilizes protein channels.

True

Facilitated transport across a membrane can be passive or active.

True

Diffusion across a membrane can only be active.

False

Cell membranes are considered 'fluid mosaics' because:

They are flexible/not rigid and contain many different types of molecules.