SC LLR Cosmetology Known Theory Questions Practice Flashcards

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering South Carolina LLR Cosmetology theory, including infection control, nail anatomy, hair chemistry, and salon safety.

Hand washing duration

The recommended length of time to wash your hands is $20\,\text{seconds}$.

Cocci

A type of sphere-shaped bacteria that rarely shows motility.

EPA

Environmental Protection Agency; the agency responsible for designating disinfecting agents as being effective enough for hospital use and for cleaning blood and body fluids.

OSHA

Occupational Safety and Health Administration; regulates and enforces safety and health standards to protect employees in the workplace.

Dry bead

A bead created by using equal parts monomer and polymer.

Neutralizer function

A chemical waving product that closes the cuticle and rebuilds disulfide bonds.

Matrix

The area where the nail plate cells are formed and the part of the nail it grows from.

Lipophilic

The 'oil loving' tail of a surfactant molecule.

Parietal ridge

The widest point on the head.

Sciatic nerve

The largest nerve in the body.

Onychorrhexis

The technical term for splits in the nail.

Sterilization

The highest level of infection control, such as that produced by an autoclave.

Dermal Papilla

The part of the hair that provides nutrients.

Cortex

The fibrous protein layer of the hair responsible for strength, elasticity, and color; taking up about $90\,\%$ of the hair's weight.

Fingerwaving

The process of shaping and directing the hair into an 'S' pattern using the fingers, combs, and waving lotion.

Effleurage

A light, continuous stroking massage movement used to begin and end most massage sessions.

Metallic salts test ratio

The ratio for this test is $1:20$, consisting of $1\,oz$ peroxide and $20$ drops of ammonia.

Tinea pedis

The medical term for ringworm of the foot, also known as athlete's foot.

Bricklay wrap

A perm wrap technique that prevents noticeable splits or lines in the hair.

Arrector Pili Muscle

The muscle that contracts to cause goosebumps or 'goose flesh'.

Level system

The system used to determine the lightness or darkness of a hair color on a scale of $1$ to $10$.

Ergonomics

The science of designing the workplace and its equipment to make specific body movements more comfortable, efficient, and safe.

Side bonds

The three types of bonds that link amino acid chains: Hydrogen, Salt, and Disulfide.

Lanthionine bonds

Bonds created when hydroxide relaxers break disulfide bonds and remove a sulfur atom.

Melanyonychia

A dark stripe or pigmentation on the nail.

COHNS elements

The five elements that make up human hair: Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, and Sulfur.

Stratum Germinativum

The deepest layer of the epidermis.

Noel DeCaprio

The individual who first coined the term 'day spa'.

Ammonium thioglycolate

The most common active ingredient in chemical waving.

Buccinator

The muscle of the mouth.

Malassezia

The fungus that causes dandruff.

SDS

Safety Data Sheet; replaces MSDS and lists $16$ categories of information about chemical products.

Albinism

A genetic skin pigmentation disorder characterized by the absence of melanin pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes.

Hackle

A board of upright nails used for combing and blending hair extensions.

Onychophagy

The technical term for bitten nails.

Average wig size

The average wig size ranges from $21.5\,\text{in.}$ to $22.5\,\text{in.}$.

pH for hair, skin, and nails

The natural pH level is between $4.5$ and $5.5$.

Cation

An ion with a positive electrical charge.

Anion

An ion with a negative electrical charge.

Petrissage

A massage technique also known as kneading.