Physical Science Sem B Study Guide

Flashcards covering Waves, Energy, Motion, and Electricity & Magnetism concepts from the Physical Science Sem B Study Guide.

Electromagnetic waves can transfer energy without a(n) ________.

medium

Which EM wave transmits heat that we can feel?

Infared

Which EM wave causes sunburn?

UV

Which EM wave is released during nuclear fission?

Gamma

Which EM wave has the longest wavelength and lowest frequency?

Radio

Which EM waves are visible to the human eye?

Visible light

Sound waves cannot travel through a ________.

vaccum

What specific type of waves are sound waves?

longitudinal

What type of wave is produced when the particles of the medium are vibrating in the same direction of the wave?

longitudinal

How are pitch and frequency related?

higher pitch=higher frequency Prop

In what type of medium does sound travel fastest and why?

Solid; because of tight particles.

What kind of wave is produced when the particles of a medium vibrate at right angles to the direction of the wave energy?

Transverse

Which color of visible light has the shortest wavelength?

Violet

Which color of visible light has the longest wavelength?

Red

How does the energy of a wave determine its amplitude?

The more energy aware has, the greater the amplitude

What type of energy is stored in foods?

Chemical

Which type of energy depends on mass and velocity?

Kinetic energy

What type of energy is stored in the nucleus of an atom?

Nuclear energy

What type of energy is stored in a battery?

Chemical

What type of energy is stored in an object raised above the ground?

Potentail

What is the form of energy in a moving object?

Venetic

What energy form travels as EM waves?

radiant

What energy form travels as mechanical waves?

Sound

What energy form travels as heat waves?

thermal

What energy conversion occurs when shouting at a friend?

mechanical energy into Sound

What energy conversion occurs when food is warmed under a heat lamp?

radiant energy into heat energy

What energy form used by a radio is converted into sound energy?

eletrical energy

What form of energy is electrical energy turned into when a lamp is plugged into a socket?

Badbint energy.

State the law of conservation of energy.

Energy cannot be created or destroyed only transformed

Rank ice, water, and steam from least to most thermal energy.

1 ice, 2 water, 3 steam

Define Speed.

distance traveled in a certain amount of time

Define Acceleration.

rate at which velocity changes

Define Displacement.

overall change in position

Define Frame of Reference.

place used for comparison to determine if something is in motion

Define Velocity.

distance traveled in a certain amount of time with direction included

Define Inertia.

tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion

What is the distance and displacement for a swimmer who swims a lap in a $50\,m$ pool (down and back)?

distance = 50; displacement = 0

A plane stops from $20\,m/s$ in $25\,seconds$. Calculate the deceleration.

$$-0.8\,m/s^2$$

What distance is covered if you run at an average speed of $5\,m/s$ for $10\,seconds$?

$$50\,m$$

If a force of $26\,N$ is exerted on a $0.52\,kg$ ball and a $0.78\,kg$ ball, which has the greater acceleration?

.52 ball

What is the basic unit for Velocity?

$$m/s$$

What is the basic unit for Speed?

$$m/s$$

What is the basic unit for Distance?

$$m$$

What is the basic unit for Displacement?

$$m$$

What is the basic unit for Acceleration?

$$m3$$

Which Newton's Law states that for every force there is an equal and oppositely acting force?

Newton's 3rd Law

What is Newton's Law of inertia?

Newton's 1st Law

How are mass and inertia related?

more mass more inertia

What are the three ways electrons can be transferred?

1) Friction, 2) Conduction, 3) Induction

What happens to electrons in the ground right before lightning strikes?

They get positively charged by induction

Given a circuit with $9\,V$ and $3k\Omega$, how much current flows through it?

$$0.003\,A\,\text{samps}$$

What type of circuit has two or more paths for electrons to flow through?

Parallel circuit

What type of circuit has a single loop for electrons to flow through?

Series ciruit

What happens if you cut a magnet in half?

they turn into two smaller magnets with a north and south Pore

In a magnet, which poles attract and which repel?

opposite poles attract and like poles repel