Health, Flueret 2007 2x

When was the WHO founded?

1948.

How does the WHO define health?

A state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

What are the three main research approaches in wellbeing geography?

Socio-economic, environmental, and social welfare approaches.

Why is wellbeing important in geography?

It promotes a holistic understanding of health shaped by both social and spatial factors.

What is the socio-economic approach to health concerned with?

Spatial and social injustice and inequalities affecting health.

What is the theory of needs?

The idea that satisfying individual needs is a prerequisite for wellbeing.

What theory is associated with Maslow?

The hierarchy of needs.

What is a criticism of the theory of needs?

It assumes wellbeing is universal despite cultural differences in values and priorities.

What is relative standards theory?

A theory viewing wellbeing as subjective and dependent on comparisons with others.

What is relative deprivation?

The idea that wellbeing is shaped by comparison with other possible conditions or people.

How does social constructionism relate to wellbeing?

Health and wellbeing are shaped by society, culture, and context rather than being purely objective.

Who developed the theory of capability?

Amartya Sen.

What is Sen’s theory of capability?

Wellbeing depends on people’s capabilities and freedoms to achieve valuable ways of living.

What is the difference between capabilities and functionings?

Capabilities are what people could do; functionings are what they actually do.

What are the three categories of capabilities?

Opportunity sets, sets of skills, and latent or potential capacities.

What are the two key dimensions of wellbeing theories?

Objective dimensions (living conditions/resources) and subjective dimensions (perceptions/goals).

Why is defining wellbeing difficult internationally?

Different cultures and countries interpret wellbeing differently.

How is wellbeing commonly defined in England?

A state of being happy, healthy, and prosperous.

How is wellbeing commonly defined in French contexts?

Satisfaction of physical/material needs and absence of psychological strain.

Why is measuring wellbeing challenging?

It is subjective, culturally variable, and often reduced to narrow indicators.

What was the social indicator movement of the 1960s?

An attempt to guide government policy using social indicators rather than just economic statistics.

What is a criticism of many wellbeing indicators?

They focus on absence of illness and neglect subjective wellbeing.

Why should wellbeing measurement be dynamic?

Because wellbeing changes over time and depends on social context and positionality.

What are “spaces of wellbeing”?

Physical or social spaces that support health, quality of life, and wellbeing.

What are “spaces of capability”?

Spaces that enable or hinder self-fulfilment and wellbeing.

What are “integrative spaces”?

Spaces where strong social networks positively affect wellbeing.

What are “spaces of security”?

Spaces protecting people from risks such as environmental threats, food insecurity, or persecution.

What are “therapeutic spaces”?

Healing spaces with emotional, spiritual, cultural, or physical benefits.

What is the relationship between health and place?

It is two-directional: place affects health, and health influences experience of place.

What is the main conclusion of wellbeing geography research?

Policy has traditionally focused on the means to wellbeing rather than wellbeing itself, and more attention should be paid to spaces affecting quality of life.