07A. Proto Nationalist Struggle

Where did 1857 Struggle start

Barrackpur (mangalpandey started it but he was killed) / Meerut (2 months later here the sepoy mutiny started)

Who fought in each city

1. Meerut

2. Delhi

3. Kanpur

4. Lucknow

1. Sepoys

2. bahadur shah zafar, general Bhakt khan

3. Nanasaheb , Tatya Tope

4. Begum Hazrat Mahal

Who fought in each city

1. Jhansi

2. Bihar

3. Faizabad

4. Bareily

1. Rani Laxmibhai

2. Kunwar Singh

3. Moulvi Ahmadulla

4. Khan bahadur Khan

Who Repressed in each city

1. Delhi

2. Kanpur

3. Lucknow

4. Jhansi

1. John Nicolson

2. Hugh Wheeler, Colin Campbell

3. Henry Lawrence, Colin campbell

4. Hugh Rose

What are Satichaura Ghat and Bibighar killings

These are massacres in Kanpur

What is Azamgarh Proclamation

It is proclaimed by bahdur shah zafar son's Phiroz shah for muslims and hindus to come united

Major reasons for the revolt

1. Soldiers

2. Princes

3. Common people

1. Annexation of Awadh

- General Service Enlistment Act (1856) - forced overseas posting

2. Doctrine of Lapse (Dalhousie) and Subsidiary Alliance (Wellesely)

3. Forced Religious conversions

- Hindu widow Remarriage Act

1. Which position was established after the Revolt

2. Army structure

3. Civil services

1. Viceroy - stays in india

Secretary of State of India - in British Parliament

2. 1:5 to 1:2 ratio (European to India)

3. Indian Made eligible for Civil services although exam in London (done in 1853 act itself)

What is White mutiny, 1859

It is a protest by European EIC against forced transfer to the crown army because of loss of perks they got in EIC - the main is BHATTA system (allowance when they are posted out of country)

What is Licensing Act, 1857

British gvt reserved the right to stop publications

Governament of India (GoI) Act, 1858

1. Company rule

2. Dual Gvt

3. Creation of Posts

4. End of which doctrine

5. Allowed indians into which service

1. ended

2. Ended (that is Court of directors + Board of control)

3. Viceroy + Secretary of state

4. Doctrine of Lapse

5. Civil services

Who is 1st

1. secretary of state

2. Viceroy

1. charles wood

2. Lord Canning